Kedu Ihe Ndị Na-eme n'Ọrụ Egwuregwu Na-arụ na System Circulatory System?
Capillaries bụ obere arịa ọbara n'ime ahụ, na-ejikọta obere akwara na obere obere veins. A na-akpọkarị arịa ndị a dị ka "microcirculation."
Ebube nke Capillaries
Capillaries dị nnọọ mkpa, ihe dịka mita 5 na dayameta, ma jikọta naanị abụọ n'ahịrị sel; akwa oyi akwa nke endothelial sel na akwa akwa nke epithelial sel.
Ha dị obere nke na mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie dị mkpa ka ha na-agafe na otu faịlụ ha. Ọ bụrụ na a na-ejikọta ihe niile dị n'ime ahụ n'otu faịlụ, akara ahụ ga-agbatị ihe karịrị 100,000 kilomita. E meela atụmatụ na e nwere pasent 40 nke ego n'ụdị mmadụ. Gburugburu mkpụrụ ndụ sel a bụ ihe a na-akpọ okpukpu ala, nke nwere protein nke gbara ya gburugburu.
Ndị isi na System Circulatory System
A na-eche na ndị isi mkpuchi dị ka akụkụ bụ isi nke mgbasa. Ọbara na-etinye obi site na aorta na akwara ụdọ nke na-agagharị n'ahụ ahụ na ngụgụ nke ọ bụla. Akụrụngwa ndị a dị ntakịrị na-abawanye ụda ma mesịa mezie ka ha bụrụ akwa bed. Site na capillaries, ọbara na-asọba n'ime obere obere anụ ahụ wee banye n'ime anụ ahụ, na-alaghachi n'obi.
Ọrụ nke Capillaries
Ndị isi mkpuchi ahụ bụ ọrụ maka ịkwalite njem na mgbanwe nke ụyọkọ, mmiri, na ihe oriri na ahụ.
Exchange gas
Na ngụgụ, ikuku oxygen na-esi na alveoli na- agbapụta n'ime ihe ndị na-ekpuchi na hemoglobin ma na-ebugharị n'ahụ. Carbon dioxide (site na ọbara deoxygenated) na-esi na capillaries azụghachi n'ime alveoli ka a kpochapu n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi.
Mmiri Ntanya na Nri
N'otu aka ahụ, mmiri na nri dị iche iche na-ekpughere site na capillaries na-adọrọ adọrọ n'ime anụ ahụ, a na-ewepụkwa ihe ndị na-ere ihe na capillaries ka a na-ebugharị site na veins na akụrụ na imeju ebe a na-esizi ha ma kpochapụ ya.
Ụdị Capillaries
Enwere isi atọ nke isi capillaries:
- Na - aga n'ihu - Ọkpụkpụ ndị a enweghi ihe ọ bụla na-ekwe ka obere molekụl gafee. Ha nọ na ahụ ike, akpụkpọ anụ, abụba, na anụ ahụ ji akwara.
- Akpọrọ akpụ - Ndị a na-eji oji nwere obere pores nke na-enye obere obere mkpụrụ ndụ aka na eriri, akụrụ na endocrine glands.
- Sinusoidal ma ọ bụ kwụsịrị - Ndị isi a nwere nnukwu pores-buru ibu iji kwe ka ọbara dị. Ha nọ n'ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ, mkpụrụ ndụ lymph, na splin, na, n'ụzọ bụ isi, "onye kachasị nta" nke capillaries.
- Mgbochi ọbara-ụbụrụ - N'etiti usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti ahụ, capillaries mejupụtara ihe a maara dịka ọnyà ụbụrụ ọbara . Ihe mgbochi a na-egbochi ike nke toxins (na, ọ dị mwute, ọtụtụ ndị na-agwọ ọrịa chemotherapy) iji banye n'ime ụbụrụ.
Ọbara na-esi na Capillaries
Ebe ọ bụ na ọbara na-agafe site na capillaries na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ichebe ahụ, ị nwere ike ịnọ na-eche ihe ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na ọbara gbanwee, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ọbara mgbali elu gị ga-ada ( hypotension .) A na-achịkwa akwa capillary site na ihe a na-akpọ autoregulation, ọ bụrụ na ọbara mgbali ga-ada, na-agafe site capillaries ga-anọgide na-enye oxygen na nri na anụ ahụ nke ahụ.
Site na mmega ahụ, a na-anakọta ụba capillary na ngụgụ iji kwadebe maka mkpa dịwanye mkpa maka ikuku oxygen n'ime ahụ.
A na - ejikwa ọbara na capillaries na - achịkwa sphincters precapillary. Ihe odide precapillary bụ ụbụrụ muscle na-achịkwa ọbara ọgbụgba n'etiti arterioles na capillaries.
Microcirculation Capillary
A na-ekpebi usoro ịgbaghari nke mmiri n'etiti capillaries na akụkụ interstitial gbara ya gburugburu site na njiko nke agha abụọ: nrụgide hydrostatic na osmotic nrụgide.
N'akụkụ azụ nke capillary, nrụgide hydrostatic (nrụgide nke na-esite n'obi na-agbapụta ọbara na ngbanwe nke akwara) dị elu.
Ebe ọ bụ na capillaries bụ "leaky" nrụgide a na-eme ka mmiri na ihe oriri dị na mgbidi nke capillary ma banye n'ime oghere interstitial na anụ ahụ.
N'akụkụ ahụ dị n'akụkụ nke capillary, nrụgide hydrostatic abụrụwo nke ọma. N'ebe a, ọ bụ osmotic nrụgide nke mmiri n'ime capillary (n'ihi ọnụnọ salts na protein na ọbara) nke na-adọtaghachi mmiri n'ime capillary. A na-akpọ nrụgide osmotic dịka nrụgide oncotic na ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri na ihe ndị na-abaghị uru sitere na akpụkpọ ahụ wee banye n'ime mkpuchi ahụ ka a laghachi na ọbara (ma nyefee akụrụ n'etiti saịtị ndị ọzọ.)
Ọnụ ọgụgụ Capillaries
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke capillaries n'ime anụ ahụ nwere ike ịdịgasị iche. N'ezie, a na-etinye akpa ume na capillaries gbara gburugburu alveoli iji bulie ikuku oxygen ma belata carbon dioxide. N'èzí ngụgụ ume, ihe mkpuchi na-aba ụba n'ime anụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Capillaries 'Anya'
Akwụsị na-acha ọcha - Ọ bụrụ na ị jụọla ihe mere akpịrị gị ji acha ọcha mgbe ị na-etinye nrụgide na ya azịza ya bụ capillaries. Nrụgide na akpụkpọ ahụ na-agbapụta ọbara site na capillaries nke na-akpata blanket ma ọ bụ n'ile anya mgbe a na-ewepụ nrụgide ahụ.
Ejiri mkpuchi mkpuchi - Ndị dọkịta na-enyochakarị "njujuju." A na-anwale nke a site n'ịhụ otú anụ ahụ na-esi ghọọ pink ọzọ mgbe ọ gbasasịrị ma nwee ike inye echiche banyere ahụike nke anụ ahụ. Ihe atụ nke iji ihe a eme ihe ga-abụ ndị nwere ọkụ. Akara nke abụọ na-enwusi ọkụ nwere ike ikpuchi isi mkpuchi ka ọ dịtụ ntakịrị oge, ma na nrịta nke atọ, ọkụ agaghị adị ma ọlị.
Ndị na-azaghachi na mberede na-eleba anya na-ejupụta na mgbanaka ma ọ bụ nkwụsị, ma hapụzie nrụgide ma na-echere iji hụ oge ọ ga-ewe ka ọkpụkpụ ahụ pụta ọzọ. Ọ bụrụ na agba na-alaghachi n'ime sekọnd abụọ (oge ole ọ na-ewe iji kwupụta na mkpuchi mkpuchi), ọ ga-abụrịrị na ịgbagharị na ogwe aka ma ọ bụ ụkwụ nwere ike. Ọ bụrụ na njuju mkpuchi na-ewe ihe karịrị sekọnd abụọ, ọ ga-abụ na ikwegharị aka na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mberede. E nwere ntọala ndị ọzọ nke njuju nke mkpuchi na-egbu oge, dị ka ịṅụ mmiri.
Atọ nke atọ na ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ - Ị nwere ike ịnụ dọkịta na-ekwu banyere ihe ngosi a maara dị ka "atọ nke atọ." Ọdịdị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-ezo aka n'ikike nke mmiri na-esi na capillaries pụta n'ime anụ ahụ gbara ya gburugburu. Enwere ike ịmalite site na cytokines (leukotrienes, histamines, na prostaglandins) nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ. Mmiri na-arịwanye elu (oghere nke atọ) na mpaghara nwere ike ịkpata hives. Mgbe mmadụ na-arịa ọrịa, oghere nke atọ a n'ihi ụda isi nwere ike ịbụ ebe niile, na-enye ahụ ha ka ọ dị mma.
Mkpụrụ ọbara ọbara capillary - Ọtụtụ n'ime oge mgbe ị na-enweta ọbara gị, onye ọrụ ntanetị ga-ewepụ ọbara site na ogwe aka gị. A pụkwara iji ọbara mgbapụta mee ụfọdụ nyocha ọbara, dịka ndị na-enyocha shuga shuga ha. A na-eji ejiji egbutu mkpịsị aka (bee capillaries) ma nwee ike iji ya na- anwale ọbara ọbara na ọbara pH.
Ọnọdụ na-agụnye Capillaries
E nwere ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na-agụnye capillaries. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a gụnyere:
Ihe mgbochi mmanya - "akara ọmụmụ" - Ihe dị ka 1 n'ime narị ụmụaka atọ ka a mụrụ "akara omumu" nke nwere mpaghara acha ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ odo odo na-ejikọta n'ụdị capillaries. Ihe kachasị mma mmanya na-edozi mmanya na-edozi ahụ abụghị nsogbu ahụike, ma ha nwere ike iwe ọkụ ngwa ngwa.
Mgbagha nke Capillary - ọrịa nkwarụ arteriovenous - nkwarụ Capillary nwere ike ibute dị ka akụkụ nke ọrịa ọrịa a ketara eketa dịka 1 na 100,000 ndị si na Europe. Na ọrịa a, enwere ọbara karịa ka nkịtị site na capillaries dị nso na akpụkpọ ahụ, nke na-ebute ntụpọ pink na ntụ ọbara ọbara na akpụkpọ ahụ. O nwere ike ime naanị ya, ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịnweta nsogbu ndị ọzọ nke ọrịa ndị a dịka nkwarụ arteriovenous (njikọ na-adịghị mma n'etiti akwara na veins) nke, mgbe ụbụrụ, nwere ike ime ka isi ọwụwa na njide.
Ọrịa na-ada ụda nke na-ahụ maka ọrịa - Ọrịa na-adịghị ahụkebe nke a maara dịka ọrịa syndrome na-agụnye agụmakwụkwọ ndị na-adịghị mma nke na-eme ka mgbatị na-aga n'ihu na ngwụsị nke ịda mbà n'ihi ngwa ngwa na-adaba na ọbara mgbali.
Macular degeneration - Mgbanwe nke Macular, nke bụ isi ihe kpuru ìsì na United States, na-eme nke abụọ iji mebie na capillaries nke azụ.
> Isi mmalite:
> Nkọwapụta nke Genetics. Malformation nke Capillary - Ọrịa Malformation. E bipụtara 11/08/16.
> Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọgwụ nke United States. Capillaries.