Ihe Mgbochi aka, Ụkwụ, na Ọnụ
Na-esote norovirus , coxsackievirus bụ otu n'ime ọrịa nje kachasị na ị nụtụbeghị. Nke mbụ achọpụtara na 1940, ọ bụ ụdị nke na-abụghị polio enterovirus. Otu nje virus na-agụnye echoviruses na ndị ọzọ enteroviruses (otu n'ime ha, enterovirus D68 , mere ka mba nile gbarịa ọrịa nke iku ume na United States bụ nke metụtara nnukwu nkwonkwo flaccid).
Ọ bụ ezie na ị nwere ike ghara ịma nke ọma na coxsackievirus, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere nwatakịrị, ọ nwere ezigbo ohere ị maara banyere ọrịa ahụ na otu n'ime nsogbu ya na-akpata aka, ụkwụ, na ọrịa ọnụ (HFMD). Ọ bụ ọrịa nje na-ebutekarị nke nwata, kpatara coxsackievirus A16.
N'ikpeazụ, e nwere 29 serotypes nke coxsackievirus nke nwere ike ibute ọrịa na ndị mmadụ, gụnyere:
- Coxsackievirus A2-8, A10, A12, A14, A16 (ụdị Human enterovirus A)
- Coxsackievirus A9 (ụdị Human enterovirus B)
- Coxsackievirus B1-6 (ụdị nke Human enterovirus B)
- Coxsackievirus A1, A11, A13, A17, A19-22, A24 (ụdị nke Human enterovirus C)
Kemgbe afọ 2007, coxsackievirus A6 emeela ka ndị HFMD dị na United States, ndị gụnyere okenye.
Ọrịa Coxsackievirus dị iche
Ọzọkwa, HFMD, na ọnya na ọnụọ nwatakịrị ma na-egbukepụ aka na ụkwụ, bụkarị ọrịa kachasị amara nke coxsackievirus kpatara, ma coxsackievirus na-ejikọta na:
- ọrịa na-ebute ọrịa: ọrịa n'ime ime nke gbasara nwa ebu n'afọ
- ọrịa na-adịghị mma: obere, ma o nwere ike ime ka nsogbu ọbara ọgbụgba, ịba ọcha n'anya, maningitis, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, na sepsis, wdg, ma pụta ìhè site na ntiwapụ nke mba coxsackievirus B1 na 2007
- nnukwu hemorrhagic conjunctivitis: Coxsackievirus A24 nwere ike ime ka outbreaks nke pink anya na subconjunctival hemorrhages
- Ọrịa afọ iri na ụma: Coxsackievirus nwere ike ibute ịba ọcha n'anya, nonbacterial afọ ọsịsa, ma ọ bụ gastroenteritis , na HUS.
- herpangina: yiri HFMD, nwere ọnya oral, ma na-enweghị ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ blisters na aka nwata ma ọ bụ ụkwụ
- meningitis
- myopericarditis: mbufụt na imebi obi ike na sac gburugburu obi, nke nwere ike kpatara coxsackievirus B1, B2, na B5 ọrịa
- myositis: mbufụt nke ahụ ike, nke nwere ike kpatara ọrịa coxsackievirus
- petechial na purpuric rashes: karịsịa na coxsackievirus A9, nke nwere ike inwe mgbagwoju anya na Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)
- pleurodynia: mberede mmalite nke obi mgbu kpatara mbufụt nke diaphragm na jikọtara a coxsackievirus ọrịa
- Ọrịa respiratory: na- ejikarị ụkwara dị nwayọọ, imi imi, na akpịrị akpịrị, nke coxsackievirus A21 na A24 na-eme n'oge ọnwa okpomọkụ
Coxsackievirus nwekwara ike ime ka ọrịa ọrịa na-adịghị mma na ọrịa fever-like fever-fever for two to three days followed by a rash for one to five days.
N'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị nwere ọrịa coxsackievirus adịghị enwe mgbaàmà ọ bụla, ọ dịghịkwa ogwu ogwu, ọgwụgwọ, ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa coxsackievirus ma e wezụga nkwado na ịgwọta mgbaàmà.
Nke ahụ dị egwu, ma na-enye obi ụtọ, ọrịa coxsackievirus kachasị adịkarịghị njọ.
Inwe na izere Coxsackievirus nje
Ụmụaka nwere ike ịrịa ọrịa ihe dị ka ụbọchị atọ ma ọ bụ isii mgbe a ga-ekpughere onye nwere ọrịa coxsackievirus (oge nkwụsị ). Kedu ka ha si enweta nje a?
Dịka ọtụtụ ọrịa nje, ọrịa coxsackievirus na-agbasa site na ụbụrụ (ọnụọgụ ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị isi na stool) na ikuku ume iku ume (onye na-agba ụra ma ọ bụ sneezes na gị). Ha nwekwara ike ibute ọrịa ndị a site na imetụ ihe metọrọ (fomite).
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, CDC na-ekwu na "ịchụrụ onye nwere aka, aka ụkwụ, na ọrịa ọnụ ma ọ bụ site na ịmetụ ọnụ ụzọ nke nwere nje na-emetụta ya, metụ anya, ọnụ, ma ọ bụ imi."
N'agbanyeghị nke a, n'ihi na ụmụaka nwere ike ịdịnye coxsackievirus na stool na respiratory tract secretions (mmiri na ntutu nzuzo) maka izu mgbe ọrịa ha apụlarị maọbụ na-enweghị ihe mgbaàmà ọ bụla, ọnyá nwere ike isi ike ịchịkwa ma ọ bụ zere.
Nke ahụ bụ ma eleghị anya ihe mere na anaghị enwekarị ụkpụrụ nduzi siri ike iji mee ka ụmụaka ghara ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ na nlekọta ụbọchị mgbe ha nwere HFMD. Dị ka ihe atụ, CDC na-ekwu na "I kwesịrị ịnọ n'ụlọ mgbe ị na- arịa ọrịa , ụkwụ, na ọrịa ọnụ," ọ bụghị na ị ga-anọ n'ụlọ mgbe ị nwere HFMD. Na Texas, Ngalaba Ahụike na-ekwu na ụmụaka nwere HFMD nwere ike ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ na nlekọta ọhụụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha enweghị ahụ ọkụ.
Ka o sina dị, iwepụta ihe, izere izu nzuzo, na ịkụchasị ebe ndị rụrụ arụ dị mkpa karịa mgbe ọ bụla iji nyere aka izere ịrịa ọrịa ma gbasaa ọrịa ndị a.
Eziokwu Ịmara Banyere Coxsackievirus
Ihe ndị ọzọ ịmara banyere ọrịa coxsackievirus gụnyere:
- Mba ndị ọzọ mgbe ụfọdụ na-ahụ ikpe ndị ọzọ dị njọ nke HFMD, bụ nke enterovirus 71 mere mgbe ụfọdụ.
- A naghị ele Coxsackievirus anya dị ka ihe ize ndụ mgbe ọ dị ime, ọ bụghị dịka ọrịa nke ise, ọ bụ ezie na ị kwesịrị ịkwado nlezianya dị mma ma zere onye ọ bụla nwere HFMD ma ọ bụ ọrịa ọzọ coxsackievirus ma ọ bụrụ na ị dị ime.
- Ọ bụ ezie na ndị na-arụrịta ụka, ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara na-eche na ụdị ọrịa shuga 1 nwere ike jikọta ya na ọrịa coxsackievirus bu B na mbụ.
- Skin peeling na aka na ụkwụ na ntu dystrophies nwere ike ime mgbe coxsackievirus nje, karịsịa coxsackievirus A6. Ihe nkedo dystrophy ahụ na-emepụta site na ịmepụta àgwà Beau (nrịanya miri emi, nkedo na nkedo nwa), nkwụsị ntu, ka ọ na-efunahụ otu mbọ ma ọ bụ karịa ma mee otu ọnwa na ọnwa abụọ mgbe ọrịa mbụ.
- Enwere ike ịme ule ọtụtụ ụdị coxsackievirus, gụnyere site na ntụgharịghachi nke transcriptase-polymerase chain response (PCR) na ọdịbendị, mana ọ bụghị ihe nwere ike ịme ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ mee ngwa ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ nwatakịrị. Ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mkpa ma.
- Ọrịa ụfọdụ nke ọrịa coxsackievirus na-emekarị n'ime oge atọ ruo afọ ise, ebe ndị ọzọ na-ekesa na ọkwa dị ala kwa afọ, karịsịa na ọnọdụ ebe okpomọkụ. N'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ụwa, gụnyere US, ọrịa coxsackievirus bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na oge okpomọkụ ma na-adaba ọnwa.
- N'ịbụ onye otu coxsackievirus serotype nwere ọrịa na-enyeghị gị nsogbu ọ bụla nke ndị ọzọ, ya mere na ị nwere ike, ma yikarịrị ka, ga-enweta ọrịa coxsackievirus ọtụtụ ugboro na ndụ gị. Imeghari mkpụrụ ndụ n'etiti serotypes nwere ike inye ụfọdụ nchedo, ọ bụ ezie.
Isi mmalite:
Ịchọpụtawanye Nchọpụta na Ọrịa Neonatal siri ike Ejikọtara ya na Coxsackievirus B1 Ọrịa. United States. 2007. MMWR. Mee 23, 2008/57 (20); 553-556.
Mandell, Douglas, na ụkpụrụ Bennett na Ọrịa Na-efe Ọrịa. Nkeji nke asatọ.
McIntyre MG, et al. Ihe si na Ubi: Nnukwu Aka, Ụkwụ, na Ọnụ Ọrịa Ejikọtara ya na Coxsackievirus A6 - Alabama, Connecticut, California, na Nevada, Nọmba 2011 - February 2012. MMWR. March 30, 2012/61 (12); 213-214.
Oberste MS, Gerber SI. Enteroviruses na parechoviruses. 2014. Na: Gọvanọ nje na Ụmụ mmadụ, 5th ed .; Kaslow RA, Stanberry LR, LeDuc JW, eds. Mmiri, New York; p 225-252.
Akwụkwọ Red Book: 2015 Akuko Kọmitii na-ebute ọrịa. Pickering LK, ed. 30th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2015.
Stewart, et al. Coxsackievirus A6-Nkwụsị Aka-Ọkpụkpụ-Aka Ọrịa. JAMA Dermatol . 2013; 149 (12): 1419-1421.