Okwu ahụ bụ "ọrịa gallbladder" na - akọwa nsogbu ahụike ọ bụla na - emetụta gallbladder.
Ọ bụ ezie na ọrịa kachasị na-akpata ọrịa gallstladones (nke a na-akpọ cholelithiasis), e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ, gụnyere gallbladder mbufụt (nke a na-akpọ cholecystitis), ọrịa biliary dyskinesia, ọrịa gallbladder ọrụ, isi sclerosing cholangitis, na ọrịa cancer gallbladder.
Ihe Ndị Na-emekarị
Ihe omuma bụ ihe kachasị pụta ìhè nke ọrịa na-akpata gallbladder na- etolite n'ihi nnukwu cholesterol ma ọ bụ bilirubin (ụbụrụ nke e mere n'ime imeju mgbe agbaji ọbara ọbara).
Nkume nkume bụ kristal nke na-etolite n'ime gallbladder, nke bụ otu akụkụ nke anụ ube nke dị n'akụkụ aka nri nke afọ gị n'okpuru imeju gị. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ gị nke gallbladder bụ ịchekwa mmiri, nke a na-akpọ bile, nke imejujuju. Bile dị mkpa maka ịkụ ala na ịmịba abụba na ụfọdụ vitamin si nri ị na-eri.
Na cholesterol gallstones , bile gị "choro" na cholesterol ma ghara inwe ike igbatu ya dị ka ọ na-eme, ya mere nkume na-etolite. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị mmadụ na-agba agba na United States nwere nkume cholesterol.
Mkpụrụ gallstones nwere ike ịmalite ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere nnukwu bilirubin. Usoro ọgwụgwọ dị ka cirrhosis (ọtụtụ ime bilirubin bụ imejuju) na ọrịa sickle cell (ebe ọbara ọbara ọbara na-agbaji) nwere ike ibute nkume pigmenti.
N'ikpeazụ, gallstones nwere ike ịmalite ma ọ bụrụ na gallbladder anaghị ekpocha bile n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị (nke a na-akpọ bile stasis).
Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị dị ize ndụ na-emepe emepe na-agụnye:
- Nwanyi okike
- Ọ dị afọ 40
- Ịgba afọ
- Ibu oke
- Nri dị elu cholesterol, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri gwọọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, achịcha ọcha), na abụba jupụtara (dịka cheese, butter, na anụ ahụ ọbara ọbara)
- Ụzọ ndụ ezughị okè
- Ọnwụ dị arọ
- Ọrịa ndị na-efe efe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa metabolic, cirrhosis, ọrịa Crohn, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọnyá ọnyá)
- Ọgwụ ndị nwere estrogen, dị ka ọgwụ mgbochi ọnụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụ
- Ọgwụ ndị ọzọ dịka Sandostatin (octreotide), Rocephin (ceftriaxone), na dibia dịka Microzide (hydrochlorothiazide)
Ihe na-akpata ihe
Ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ na - akpata ọrịa ahụ gallbladder.
Cholecystitis
Mbufụt nke gallbladder (nke a na-akpọ cholecystitis) nwere ike ịmalite n'ihi ụyọkọ gallstones (nke a na-akpọ cholecystitis) ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịkarịghị, na-enweghị ụyọkọ (akpọrọ cholecystitis).
Nnukwu cholecystitis na- eme mgbe ụda gallstone na-abanye n'ime eriri cystic, na-eduga n'inwe mmetụ. Na mgbakwunye na ihe mgbu (biliary colic) nke inwe ụyọkọ ụbụrụ, mmadụ nwere ike ịnwe ọkụ, ọgbụgbọ, vomiting, malaise, na / ma ọ bụ ụkọ agụụ. A na-enwekarị ọnụ ọgụgụ ọbara ọbara dị elu.
Ọgwụ cholecystitis a na-ahụkarị na- akpata otu mgbaàmà ahụ na ihe ịrịba ama dịka nnukwu cholecystitis, ma, ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla dị na ya. Kama nke ahụ, ndị ọkachamara kwenyere na ọnọdụ a na-esi na gallbladder stasis na ischemia (ọbara ọgbụgba adịghị mma).
Ụdị ọrịa ahụ gallbladder na-emekarị na ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa siri ike.
Ụfọdụ ihe ndị na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ohere ịmalite ịmalite ọrịa ọrịa gallbladder na-agụnye:
- Ọrịa dị oké njọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, nnukwu ọrịa leukemia myelogenous, AIDS, ọrịa obi na-akpata ọrịa obi, ọrịa nkụchi obi, ọrịa akụrụgwụ, na vasculitis)
- Burns
- Ịmụ nwa
- Usoro mgbochi egbochi
- Ọrịa ma ọ bụ trauma
- Ụfọdụ ọgwụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, opiates)
- Nnukwu mmịnye ọbara
- Mbido ventilation
- Ịnata nri na-edozi ahụ site na nkwonkwo gị (nke a na-akpọ nri nne na nna zuru oke)
Biliary Dyskinesia
Biesry dyskinesia na-akọwa ọrịa nke biliary duct usoro igbochi ihe na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke sphincter nke Oddi-ihe dị na muscular nke gbara gburugburu ebe ebe nkịtị bile na-ejikọta ọkpụkpụ pancreatic ka ha na-abanye eriri afọ.
Ebe ọ bụ na sphincter nke Oddi adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ọrịa a, mmechi biliary nwere ike ime. Oge mmechi a na-emechi ọnyá na-akpata gallstone-dị ka ihe mgbu-a na-egbuke egbuke, ihe mgbu mgbe niile na akụkụ aka nri ma ọ bụ nke dị n'elu nke akụkụ.
Ọ bụ ezie na ultrasound abdominal nwere ike ikpughere okporo mmiri bile, nke a na-akpọ sphinct nke Oddi manometry nwere ike iji jiri nchọpụta diagnose biliary dyskinesia. Ọ bụrụ na sphincter nke Oddi dị elu (ule ahụ dị mma), mmadụ nwere ike ịnwe iwepụ sphincter (nke a na-akpọ endoscopic sphincterotomy).
O doro anya ihe kpatara biliary dyskinesia. A na-ahụkarị ya na ndị mmadụ na-ewepụla ihe ndị ha na-emefu; ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị mmadụ na-ewepụsịrị ha gallbladders anaghị enweta biliary dyskinesia. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ na-atụ aro na ọrịa a na-akpata nkwụsị ma ọ bụ nhụjuanya akwara na muscle sphincter.
Gallbladder Nsogbu
Ọrịa gallbladder arụ ọrụ na-ezo aka na ndị nwere ahụhụ biliary (nkasi obi na akụkụ aka nri ma ọ bụ n'etiti akụkụ nke afọ) na enweghị mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ sphincter nke Oddi dysfunction.
Ndị na-arịa ọrịa gallbladder arụmọrụ nwere nlele ọbara nkịtị, na-enweghị ihe àmà nke mmịnye ma ọ bụ nsogbu imeju. Ha nwekwara ultrasound nkịtị nke gallbladder na-enweghị ihe àmà nke gallstones.
Mgbe o kwusịrị ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ nke nwere ike iyi mgbu biliary (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa obi na-agwọ ọrịa ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok peptic), mmadụ nwere ike ịnwale ule a na-akpọ cholecystokinin (CCK) - gbadoro cholescintigraphy iji kwado nyocha nke arụmọrụ gallbladder arụmọrụ.
Nnwale a na-eme ka mkpịsị ụkwụ nke gallbladder na-emepụta (ole tracer na-ahapụ gallbladder). Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ ụkwụ dị ntakịrị, dị ka ihe na-erughị pasent 40, ule ahụ na-akwado nyocha nke arụmọrụ gallbladder arụmọrụ. Ịgwọ ọrịa a gụnyere iwepụ gallbladder (nke a na-akpọ cholecystectomy).
Mgbe ọ ka na-edoghị anya, ọ ga-ekwe omume na ndị nwere nsogbu mkpụmkpụ nke na-akpata ụbụrụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe mgbagwoju anya na-abaghị uru) nwere ike ịnọ n'ihe ize ndụ maka ịrịa ọrịa gallbladder arụ ọrụ.
Cholangitis Sclerosing nke mbụ
Isi sclerosis cholangitis (PSC) bụ ọrịa na-adị ogologo oge nke na-eduga na bile duct mbufụt. N'ihi ụfụ na-adịghị ala ala, ndị bile ducts na-ada ụra, na-eme ka ndị na-ekpochapu mmiri, ya mere, bile enweghị ike igbapu. N'ihi ya, bile na-emejupụta n'ime imeju, na-emebi imeju imeju na-eme ka cirrhosis. Ọ bụrụ na a dịghị agwọ ya na imeju imeju, PSC nwere ike ibute ọrịa cancer na / ma ọ bụ ọrịa gallbladder.
Ihe kachasị ize ndụ maka ịmalite PSC na-enwe ọnya ulcerative colitis. N'ezie, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị nwere PSC nwere ulcerative colitis. N'ebe dị anya, ọ bụ nanị pasent ole na ole nke ndị mmadụ na-akpata ulcerative colitis na-emepe PSC.
Gallbladder Ọrịa cancer
Ọrịa Gallbladder dị ụkọ ma na - eme mgbe sel dị na gallbladder na - eto ngwa ngwa ma na - ejighị n'aka.
Abụọ gallstones na isi sclerosis cholangitis na-eme ka mmadu nwee ohere ịmalite ịrịa ọrịa cancer gallbladder, ọ bụ ezie na ụbụrụ na-adịkarịkarị. N'eziokwu, dịka American Cancer Society si kwuo, ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ atọ n'ime mmadụ anọ nwere ọrịa cancer gallbladder nwere ụba mgbe a chọpụtara ha.
Ihe ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka ọrịa gallbladder na-emepe emepe gụnyere:
- Nwanyi okike
- Okenye
- Ibu oke
- Agbụrụ (American American ma ọ bụ Native American)
- Ọrịa na-adịghị ala n'oge nje bacteria, Salmonella Typhi
- Cysts n'ime okporo mmiri bile
- Gallbladder polyps
- Nsogbu nke okporo mmiri bile
> Isi mmalite:
> Afdhal N. (2017). Ọgwụ cholecystitis. Ngosi ihe omumu, nchoputa, na oru. Ashley SW, Lindor KD (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> American Cancer Society. (2016). Kedu ihe kpatara nsogbu maka ọrịa Gallbladder?
> Catalano MF, Thosani NC. (2016). Ngosipụta ọgwụ na nchoputa nke sphincter nke Oddi dysfunction. Howell DA (ed). UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Jessri M, Rashidkhan B. Ụdị nri na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa gallbladder: Otu nchịkwa na-elekọta ụmụ nwanyị toro eto. J Health Popul Nutr. 2015 Mee; 33 (1): 39-49.
> Stinton ML, Shaffer EA. Ọrịa Epidemiology nke Gallbladder Ọrịa: Cholelithiasis na Ọrịa cancer. Gut Liver . 2010 Apr 6 (2): 172-87.