Akụkọ mmalite nke usoro ọgwụgwọ a na-ahụkarị.
Mgbe a na-eme ihe omume nlegharị anya, ịṅụ ọgwụ Botox ma ọ bụ botulinum toxin bụ usoro ihe ịchọ mma kachasị mma a rụrụ taa. Òtù American Society of Plastic Surgeons na-eme atụmatụ na n'afọ 2014, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde mmadụ asaa natara botulinum iji na-emegharị ahụ. Iji tinye ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ n'ọnọdụ ka mma, nde mmadụ asaa fọrọ nke nta ka ndị bi na Arizona.
Imirikiti ndị mmadụ na-ejikọta botulinum toxin injections na ọgwụgwọ nke wrinkles; Otú ọ dị, ọrụ a magburu onwe ya dị oke ogwu ma jiri ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere spasticity, eye twitch (ie, blepharospasm), nkwekọrịta olu (ie, dystonia cervical), migraines, na vessia overactive . A na-ejikwa Botox mee ihe maka ọgwụgwọ nke ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè (ie, hyperhidrosis).
Akụkọ banyere otú anyị si gbanye nsị microbial toxin n'ime ahụ anyị iji na-emeso wrinkles bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ma na-adọrọ adọrọ.
Kedu Botox?
Botox ma obu botulinum toxin bu nje nje nke Clostridium botulinum bu. N'ime ọhịa, Clostridium botulinum nwere ọrịa na-akpata botulism, ọrịa na-adịghị ahụkebe ma na-adịghị agwụ agwụ. Botulism na-amalite site na-egbuke egbuke nke ihu, ọnụ, na akpịrị tupu ị gbasaa na ahụ ahụ. Mgbe botulism na-eme ka uru ahụ na-eku ume, ọnwụ nwere ike ịmalite.
N'ihe dị ịrịba ama, na May 2017, e nwere ntiwapụ botulism na California na-achọghachi na nri cheese nacho nke e rere n'ọdụ gas. N'ihi ya, a na-ele mmadụ iri mmadụ ọbịa n'ụlọ mmadụ ma otu onye nwụrụ.
Ọ bụ ezie na Clostridium botulinum na- abịa n'ọtụtụ nsogbu - a na-eji serotypes sere nke A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F, na G-nanị serotypes A na B iji mepụta nkwadebe ọgwụ.
Mgbe ojusịrị n'ime ahụ ike, botulinum toxin na-egbochi ọnyá ahụ na-egbochi ya ma gbochie nkwụsị nke acetylcholine, onye na-ahụ maka ntanetị. Enweghị acetylcholine, arụ ọrụ ahụ na-akwụsị. Ebe a, ma ọ bụ nke saịtị, ahịrị ahụ bụ ihe smoothes wrinkles ma kwụsị spasms. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, Botox na-arụ ọrụ site na "ịmịpụ" ahụ mmiri.
Na mgbakwunye na igbochi ịhapụ acetylcholine, botulinum toxin na-egbochi ịhapụ ihe mgbu na onye ọhụụ na-egbu egbu gụnyere ihe P na glutamine, nke na - akọwa ihe mere ejiji botulinum ji agwọ ọrịa isi ọwụwa.
Mmetụta ọjọọ mgbe ọgwụgwọ na botulinum toxin gụnyere nchikasị, ọzịza, isi ọwụwa, ahụ erughị ala na ike adịghị ike nke nwere ike imetụta ahụ ike na-agbanye ahụ ike a gbara.
Tupu ịṅụ ọgwụ na botulinum toxin, a ghaghị ịkwụsị ndị na-emepụta ọgwụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ izu abụọ iji belata nsị. Ogbugbu na ebe a na-agba ogwu nwere ike belata site n'iji mkpịsị obere nlele, ngwa ngwa nke anesthetic ma ọ bụ icing na mpaghara tupu ogwu. Ọzọkwa, a ghaghị ịmalite ịṅụ ọgwụ na botulinum toxin n'usoro dị ala ma jiri nke nta nke nta mụbaa.
Mmetụta nke botulinum toxin na-apụ n'anya oge.
Kpọmkwem mgbe mbido chịkọtara mmiri nke mbụ, akwara na-eme ka ome ma ọ bụ na-agbanweghachi ma rụọ ọrụ mgbe ụbọchị 120 gasịrị. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, mgbe ọ gbanwere nkwụsị akwara, Botox na-arụ ọrụ ihe dị ka ụbọchị 120 tupu akwara amaliteghachi. Ihe a na-emeghachi omume nke ngwugwu akwara na-akọwa ihe mere ndị mmadụ na-eji enweta ọgwụgwọ sụgharịa n'otu ebe.
Enweghị ụdị ntinye botulinum toxin, nke nwere ọtụtụ ụdị na ahịa ndị gụnyere Botox na Dysport. Ụdị usoro ndị a adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ma na-edozi iche iche. Ihe ndị a dị iche iche nke botulinum toxin dịgasị iche iche site na mpempe akwụkwọ dị arọ, ndị na-ewepụta ọgwụ (ntụgharị, ọgwụ ọjọọ), na ndị na-edozi protein.
Ụkpụrụ nke Botox
Onye ọkà mmụta sayensị nke Belgium aha ya bụ Emile Pierre van Ermengem chọpụtara na Clostridium botulinum na- agbaso nje na botulism na Belgium. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1920, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na Mahadum California, San Francisco, gbalịrị ịwapụ botulinum toxin. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị afọ iri abụọ tupu afọ iri na abụọ ahụ, Dr. Edward Schantz nọchiri anya botulinum toxin.
N'afọ ndị 1970, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị malitere iji botulinum toxin na-emeso strabismus (ya bụ, anya gafere). Ka ha na-anwale ọgwụgwọ a na-enwe na enwe, ndị nnyocha chọpụtara na botulinum toxin belata wrinkles na glabella. The glabella bụ akpụkpọ anụ n'etiti nku anya na n'elu imi.
Mgbe botulinum toxin gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma na ọgwụgwọ nke strabismus, Allergan nyere ikikere ọgwụgwọ ma mee ya Botox. N'ikpeazụ, Botox nwetara nkwado FDA maka ụdị ọgwụgwọ na ịchọ mma dị iche iche.
Nke a bụ oge nke dị iche iche FDA kwadoro maka botulinum toxin:
- Strabismus na blepharospasm n'afọ 1989
- Cervical dystonia na 2000
- Glabellar edozi na 2002
- Axillary hyperhidrosis (oké sweating) na 2004
- Ogologo oge mgbochi na egbugbere ọnụ n'elu egbugbere ọnụ na 2010
- Urinary incontinence ke 2011
- Ụkwụ Nkuku (ụda canthal) na 2013
Biko rịba ama na ọ bụ ezie na ndị dọkịta jiri botulinum toxin na-emeso ọtụtụ ụdị mmetụ ihu, ọtụtụ n'ime ọgwụ a na-apụ apụ. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, dọkịta gị na - eji ikpe ikpe na - emeso ọdịdị ihu na Botox.
N'ịkọwa nke ọgwụ, botulinum toxin nwere ike ịbụ ihe a ma ama n'ihi na ọ bụ ọgwụ mbụ nke microbial ji agwọ ọrịa. Inye nje bacteria n'ime ahụ mmadụ na-anọchite anya ihe ọhụrụ e mepụtara. Kwa afọ, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-emepekwu usoro nke ụlọ ọrụ a ma chọpụta ihe ndị ọzọ maka ya.
Okwu Site
Botox bụ onye a na-ejikarị na-agwọ ọtụtụ ụdị wrinkles. N'ozuzu, ojiji nke Botox dị mma, na-enwe mmetụta dị njọ. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere mmasị n'ịnara ọgwụgwọ Botox, biko gwa onye na-achọ ọgwụgwọ gị.
Isi ihe
Camargo, CP, et al. Botulinum toxin maka ọdịdị ihu (Protocol). Akwụkwọ Cochrane. 2014.
Dorizas, A, Krueger, N, Sadick, NS. Ejiji nke Botulinum Toxin. Ọgwụgwụ Dermatologic Clinics. 2014; 32 (1): 23-36.