Ruo mgbe a chọpụtara na m nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, anaghị m atụle ihe omimi nke nkwonkwo mmadụ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị ahụ ndị mmadụ na-ejighị n'aka - mmekọrịta nkwonkwo nkịtị. Nke ahụ bụ, ruo mgbe ihe na-agazighị oke nke na-akpata mgbu nkwonkwo, nkwonkwo njikọ, nkwonkwo nkwonkwo, na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke mmegharị. K'anyị tụnyere nkwonkwo nkịtị maka nkwonkwo arthritic.
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Nnọkọ NkịtịN'anụ ahụ, a na- ejikọta nkwonkwo ebe njedebe nke ọkpụkpụ abụọ na-ezute, na-enye ohere maka njem. Ebe ọkpụkpụ abụọ na-etolite akwa njikọ, dịka hip ma ọ bụ ubu, a maara ya dịka diarthrosis, nke dịka okwu "synovial joint". Dabere na nkwonkwo a kapịrị ọnụ, mmemme nkwonkwo nwere ike ịgụnye ntinye (imeghari site na midline nke ahụ); ntinye (ijeghari na etiti ahu); Mgbatị (ịgbatị); mgbanwe (ịgba); na ntụgharị (okirikiri ije). Mkpokọta synovial dị mma nwere ike ịkwaga kpamkpam site na ya.
Otu nkwonkwo synovial nwere capsule (nke a na-akpọ ya capsule njikọ) nke ejiri synovium ejiri ya (nke a na-akpọ ya na njikọ njikọ) ma jupụta na mmiri synovial. A na-eji ọkpụkpụ hyaline (articular) kpuchie ọkpụkpụ nke nkwonkwo synovial.
- Capsule njikọta bụ akpa akwa nke na-ekpuchi nkwonkwo. Okwu ahụ bụ "ligamentous" na-ezo aka n'ụdị njikọ jikọrọ anụ na-ejikọta na ọkpụkpụ. Isi mkpuchi njikọ na-enye nkwụsi ike nkwụsị site na imechi mmeghari na, site na njedebe ya, na-eme ka ị mara ebe nkwonkwo gị.
- Synovium (nke a na-akpọkwa akpụkpọ anụ synovial) bụ akpụkpọ anụ ahụ jikọtara ya nke na-ejikọta ya na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ya, tinyere akwa ọkpụkpụ na mgbanaka. Tendons bụ ụdọ nke anụ ahụ fibrous nke dị na uru ahụ na-emegharị ọkpụkpụ gị. Bursa na-abaghị uru, nke jupụtara na mmiri nke na-enye ntụsara ahụ ebe akpụkpọ anụ, akwara, ụbụrụ, na ligaments na-ekpuchi ọkpụkpụ.
- Mmiri ohuru , nke synovium mepụtara, na-enye nri nke cartilage na-enye aka belata mkparịta ụka n'oge mmegharị.
- Nri cartilage bụ akpụkpọ anụ ma sie ike nke 85% mmiri na nnukwu matriks nke collagen, protein, na shuga. Cartilage na-enye ala nke na-amị amị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ nwee ike ijide onwe ya mgbe ọ na-ebelata esemokwu ma na-emenye ụjọ.
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Nkwonkwo ArthriticE nwere ọtụtụ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo . Ụdị ogbu na nkwonkwo kachasịsịsịsịsịsịsịsịsịsị anya bụ ọrịa osteoarthritis na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo . N'ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, ọ dịwo anya echere na cartilage na-emebi emebi dịka ọ na-ewepụ, ụdị nsogbu nke mmiri. N'oge usoro a, ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ nwere ike ịzụlite ma mee ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Site na mgbanwe ndị a, nkwonkwo na-agbasi ike, na-egbu mgbu, ma nwee oke mmegharị. Otú ọ dị, ndị nchọpụta amalitela ịgbanwe echiche ha ma nyekwuo nkwenye na usoro mkpali dịka ihe kpatara ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na ụfọdụ.
Mmalite nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo bụ ihe na- emetụ n'ahụ . Site na nkwonkwo ahụ, synovium na-amụba. Mkpụrụ ndụ synovial na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ n'oge oge nkwụ. Mmiri ahụ na-aghọ ihe ederede (jupụtara na mmiri) ma jupụta arịa ọbara ọhụrụ a kụrụ. Mmiri imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na-abawanye na mkpuchi nkwonkwo na-agba ọsọ tinyere mgbanwe ndị a. Ịkpụgharị mkpụrụ ndụ na-egbuke egbuke na-eme ka anụ ahụ jikọtara ya. Usoro ntanetị nke na-eme n'oge mbufụt na mgbanwe ndị na-esi na ya pụta dịka synovitis arụ ọrụ. Na synovitis na-arụsi ọrụ ike, mgbakasị na ncha nke nkwonkwo nkwonkwo, mbibi nke cartilage, na eriri ọkpụkpụ nwere ike ime.
> Isi mmalite:
> Njikọta Mkpakọ: Nhazi, Ngwakọta, > Aging > na > Ọrịa >. > Journal of Anatomy. Ralphs JR et al. June 1994.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259958/
> Mkpakọrịta. Merck akwukwo ndu akwukwọ ndu ulo. Pekka Mooar, MD July 2007.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/bone_joint_and_muscle_disorders/biology_of_the_musculoskeletal_system/joints.html
> Nwekọrịta nkịtị. WorldOrtho. Mmekọrịta Nkeji 1. Site Sarah Saw na Magdalena Mironowicz.
> The Normal Synovium. Malcolm D. Smith. Akwụkwọ edemede Rheumatology Open, 2011, 5, (Suppl > 1: M2) > 100-106
http://benthamscience.com/open/torj/articles/V005/SI0098TORJ/100TORJ.pdf
> Ọrịa Arthritis Rheumatoid: Nchọpụta Ọgwụgwụ na Ngwọta. Ihe omumu nke RA. PP.16-19. Site na John J. Cush MD, Michael E. Weinblatt, MD, na Arthur Kavanaugh, MD. Nke atọ. Copyright 2010.