Mkparịta ụka na-aga n'ihu na-emetụta Ọdịdị Ahụike, Gụnyere Ọgba Ọsọ Na-aga
Maka oge mbụ n'ime ihe karịrị afọ 60, gọọmenti etiti gọọmenti agbanweela ndụmọdụ ndị metụtara mmiri fluoride na mmiri ọṅụṅụ . Ihe ohuru ohuru na ekwesiri igbutu oke ihe di ka okara, site na 0.7 ruo 1.2 milligrams nke fluoride kwa liter nke mmiri ruo uzo ohuru nke .7 milligrams nke fluoride kwa liter.
Dị ka Deputy Surgeon General Dr. Boris Lushniak si kwuo, "A na-atụ aro mgbanwe ahụ n'ihi na ugbu a, ndị America nwere ohere ịnweta isi mmiri nke fluoride, dịka ndị na-esi nsí na ọnụ ọnụ mmiri karịa ka ha mere mgbe mbụ e webatara fluoridation na United States.
Ngwurugwu ohuru a ga akwadoro ga-eme ka uru nchikota nke igbochi mmiri na-egbochi nchedo ma belata ihe omume nke fluorosis eze. "
Nri ụbụrụ bụ nchọpụta nke ezé, n'ihi na ọ dị njọ na fluoride. Mmetụta fluorosis dị nro na-eme ka ntụ ọcha na ezé, na ụfụ fluorosis ka njọ nwere ike ime ka e nwee nchara nchara nchara na nsị na ịchọpụta ezé. Dị ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ maka Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa, dịka pasent 41 nke ndị America dị afọ iri na abụọ ruo afọ 15 nwere ụda olu, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ na-arịwanye elu. Kedu ihe na-adị ka ọ dị? Nke a bụ foto nke na-egosipụta nwayọọ nwayọọ, dị nwayọọ, nke dị oke ala, na nke siri ike.
Njide Fluoride
A na-eme atụmatụ na ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị America na-aṅụ mmiri fluoridated, ma e jiri ya tụnyere Western Europe, bụ ebe nanị pasent 3 nke ndị bi na mmiri na-aṅụ mmiri fluoridated. Ndị American Health dentistry na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ike gọọmenti etiti nọgidere na-enwe nchebe na fluoride dị mma nakwa na ọ bụ naanị ihe ize ndụ ahụike na-adịwanye mfe, nke ha chere na ụkpụrụ nduzi na-atụ aro ka a ga-ebelata.
Mbelata a na - atụ aro ya na ọkwa fluoride anaghị anabata ndị iro nke fluoride, bụ ndị na - ejikọta mmịnye ọbara na ọtụtụ nsogbu ahụike. Fluoride Action network na - enwe ndepụta nke ọnọdụ, yana akara nyocha, na - ejikọta fluoride ka ogbu na nkwonkwo, mmetụta nke eriri afọ, ọkpụkpụ ụfụ, mmetụta ụbụrụ, ọrịa akụrụ, cancer, ịzụ ụmụ nwoke, ọrịa obi, ọrịa shuga, endocrine mmebi, na ọrịa thyroid, n'etiti ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ.
Michael Connett nke Fluoride Action Network akpọwo ka njedebe nke fluoridation na US.
N'anya anyị, ọ bụ oge dị elu maka United States ịmalite ịgbaso usoro nke ọtụtụ n'ime mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa na-ejide ma kwụsị ịkwụsị mmiri ya. Ọ na-eme ka ndị na-achọ iji fluoride na-ata ya ezé, na-atụgharị ya na otú ahụ ị na-esi etinye fluoride ka ọ bụrụ naanị anụ ahụ dị na ahụ nke ga-aba uru. Ma ị gaghị ekpughe ihe ọ bụla ọzọ anụ ahụ n'ime ahụ.
Onye ọzọ na-emegide ndị ọzọ bụ Dr. Philippe Grandjean, bụ ọkachamara na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi na Harvard University. Dr. Grandjean kwenyere na ọkwa kwesịrị ịdị obere, n'ihi mmerụ ahụ ike nke fluoride. N'ọnọdụ ya, nchegbu ya metụtara ọmụmụ ihe na-egosi ọkwa ala IQ dị ala na ụmụaka na-egosipụta fluoride. Dị ka Fluoride Action Network si kwuo, mmadụ iri anọ na iri ise n'ime mmadụ iri ise n'ime mmadụ iri ise na-eme nchọpụta achọpụtala na enwere njikọ nke fluoride dị elu na ogo IQ. N'akwụkwọ ya, Chemical Brain Drain, Dr. Grandjean kwuru, sị:
N'ime ihe ndị a chọpụtara, ụmụaka nwere ụbụrụ ha na-ebugharị fluoride - ọbụna ụdị nke dị nro dịka obere speck on enamel - gosipụtara arụmọrụ dị ala na ụfọdụ nyocha nke neuropsychological. Ihe ngosi a na-adabere na amamihe a ma ama nke mmetụta emetụ na-anọchite anya nsogbu ịchọ mma ma ọ bụghị ihe ịrịba ama nke toxicity. Ọ dịkarịa ala otu n'ime ụmụaka America ise nwere ikikere nke ezé ha ... Ọ bụ ezie na njikọ dị n'agbata ezé na ụbụrụ na ụbụrụ na-ekwesịrị ịkọwa ọzọ, ịdị adị ejighị n'aka bụ ihe ngọpụ maka ịkpasu esemokwu ahụ ọnụ. A ghaghi ilere ntanchapu ụbụrụ mmiri dịka ihe dị mkpa dị ka nchedo caries (cavities).
Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na magazin Ahụike Environmental na- achọpụta na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke mmiri fluoridated nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke Ọrịa Hyperactivity Deficit or ADHD. Ihe ha chọpụtara na nyocha ha bụ na pasent 1 ọ bụla na-arịwanye elu na mmịnye na-ejikọta ihe dịka 67,000 na nchọpụta ADHD 131,000 na 2003 ruo 2011.
Dị ka William Hirzy, bụ onye nchọpụta na American University, si kwuo, na onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ihe ize ndụ dị na Environment Environmental Protection Agency:
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ikpe ndị ọzọ metụtara otu percent na-abawanye na afọ 1992 na-eme ka mmiri fluoridation [ọnụ ọgụgụ] buru ibu. Na nkenke, ọ na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya na dịka mmụba mmiri na-abawanye ụba, otú ahụkwa ka ADHD dị.
Njikọ Thyroid
Otu esemokwu ahụike gbasara arụmụka banyere fluoride bụ mmetụta pụrụ iche nke fluoride na functionroid gị . Enweela ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ọrịa ịrịa ọrịa gị na-apụta ìhè, ebe ndị ọzọ na-egosi enweghị njikọ.
Otú ọ dị, mbipụta February 2015 nke Journal of Epidemiology and Health Community na- akọ banyere ọmụmụ ihe zuru ezu nke e mere na England, na-atụle ọnụ ọgụgụ hypothyroidism na mpaghara ndị na-adịghị mma.
Ha chọpụtara na ebe ndị nwere mmiri mmiri na-enyefe ihe karịrị pasent 30 nwere ike inwe oke hypothyroidism , ma e jiri ya tụnyere ebe nwere oke mmiri fluoride. N'ikpeazụ, e nwere pasent 9 ọzọ na-eme ka ị ghara ịjụ oyi na-adịghị na ebe ndị dị mma.
Dị ka nchọpụta a si kwuo, "West Midlands (ebe a na-amụba amụba) fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ ka ọ ga-ekwu na hypothyroidism dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na e jiri ya tụnyere Manchester nke Ukwuu (ebe a na-adịghị amụba)." Ha kwubiri, sị: "Ihe nchọpụta nke nchọpụta ahụ na-akpata nchegbu dị ukwuu banyere mmerụ nke mmetọ nke obodo dị ka ọrụ nlekọta ahụike ọha na eze."