Tophi bụ ihe nchịkọta nke sodium urate monohydrate crystals nke na-edebe na na gburugburu nkwonkwo ndị mmadụ na gout. E nwere ụzọ atọ nke gout: asymptomatic (na-enweghị mgbaàmà) hyperuricemia , oge gout (ngosipụta nke nnukwu ogbu na nkwonkwo nke oge asymptomatic), na ọrịa arthritis na-adịghị ala ala. Ọ bụ n'oge nke atọ, ọrịa arthritis na-adịghị ala ala, mgbe tophi na-apụta.
Tophi nwere ike na-enyo enyo dịka oge dịka nnukwu ọkpụkpụ ọrịa na-arụ ọrụ.
Mgbe ụdị Tophi
N'ime oge na-adịghị ala ala, ọ naghị enwe oge mgbu. Ogologo oge n'agbata otu mbido ọgụ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na-adịghị ala ala nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala na tophi dị iche na-adịgasị iche n'ihe ọmụmụ nke ndị ọrịa na-adịghị agwọ ọrịa. Ihe omumu ihe (Hench, P. et al.) Kpughere na oge ole na ole site na mbido oso agha na mmalite nke oria ogwu na-ala ala ma obu mmepe nke tophi anya di 11,6. N'ime nnyocha nke metụtara ihe karịrị mmadụ 1,100 ndị ọrịa gọọmenti, ndị na-enweghị tophi nwere ogo urate nke 10.3 +/- 1.3 milligrams / deciliter. Ndị nwere nnukwu ihe na-eme ka a na-aṅụ ọgwụ dị arọ 11.0 +/- 2.0 milligrams / decilter.
Ihe mere eji dee akwụkwọ
Ọnụego nke nchịkọta nke n'elu na-adabere na ịdị njọ na oge nke hyperuricemia. Ọ bụrụ na ahụ adịghị ya, ọ ga-ewepụ ngwa ngwa na ngwa ngwa.
Dika ihe urate na-achota, urate crystal deposits nwere ike iguzo.
Ọ bụ ezie na ogo urate bụ isi ihe metụtara njikọ n'elu, enwere ike ịnwe ihe ndị ọzọ na-atụnye, gụnyere: mmalite nke mmalite nke gout, ogologo oge nke na-arụ ọrụ ma na-adịghị aghara aghara, nkezi nke anọ na-ebu gout kwa afọ, na oke elu na itinye aka na polyarticular .
Mmalite ndị na-erughị afọ iri na-amalite n'ime ndị na-erughị afọ 10-na-apụta n'ihe dị ka pasent 15 nke ndị mmadụ. Ihe ntinye nke Creatinine bụ ihe nwere onwe ya nke ejikọtara ya na nhazi mmalite.
Ebee ka akwụkwọ mpịakọta
A na-edebe Tophi na cartilage, membranes, na tendon, na anụ dị nro. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahụ tophi n'ebe ọ bụla na ahụ, ọ bụ ihe kachasị aka na mkpịsị aka, nkwochi, ntị, ikpere, olecranon bursa, na isi ihe (dịka, akụkụ nke mbụ nke ogwe aka, Achilles tendon). Na anụ ahụ jikọtara, a pụrụ ịhụ tophi na real pyramid, valves, na sclerae.
Tophi Njirimara
Tophi bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe mgbu, ma nnukwu mbufụ nwere ike ịmalite gburugburu ha. Enwere ike ibibi nkwonkwo na nrụrụ nwere ike ime, karịsịa nke aka na ụkwụ. Akpụkpọ anụ nke na-ada n'elu mkpịsị elu nwere ike ịghọ ụbụrụ ma mesịa mebie. A na-achụpụ ihe na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ ihe na-acha chaa chaa, nke nwere kristal urate, nwere ike ịchụpụ ya. Tophi nwere ike ịchọta ya na ultrasonography, MRI, na CT scan. Ihe oyiyi zuru oke nke tophi si CT scan.
Ogo Ndụ
Ndị nchọpụta tụlere mmetụta nke tophi na ugboro ugboro nke nnukwu nje gout na ndụ ndụ metụtara ndụ.
Ihe ọmụmụ ( Health and Quality of Life Results 2012) gụnyere mmadụ isii na iri isii na-arịa ọrịa na-ebute onwe ha, pasent 12.3 n'ime ha nwere tophi. Enwere mbelata ndụ ndụ metụtara ndụ na ọnụnọ nke tophi na gout flares.
Okwu Site
Ogo nke ura bu isi ihe na - ejikọta na nhazi elu. Ụfọdụ ndị na-enwe ọganihu gout na-akwụsị ịṅa ntị n'oge a na-enweghị ihe mgbochi n'etiti ọgụ. Ma, ọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa ngwa ngwa uric acid mgbe niile. Ọ dị mkpa ilekọta gout ma gbalịa ịhazi ya n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, ọ bụghị naanị mgbe mgbaàmà pụtara ìhè.
Ọnụnọ nke tophi na-ejikọta ogo ndụ. Ọ ghaghị ịbụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ gị iji gbalịa igbochi tophi site na ijikwa hyperuricemia na gout n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị.
> Isi mmalite:
> Dalbeth, Nicola, et al. Ịkwụsị Ikike Creatinine Na-ejikọta na mmalite mmalite nke Subcutaneous Tophi na ndị nwere Gout. Ahụhụ na-arịa ọrịa BMC. December 21, 2013.
> Hench, P. Nchọpụta nke gout na arthritis. Nyocha ụlọ ụlọ nyocha Label 220: 48-55. 1936.
> Khanna PP et al. Tophi na Ụdị Ọkụ Na-agakarị Na Ejikọtara Ya na Ihe Ọjọọ nke Ndụ, Nrụpụta Ihe, na Ọnụ Nkà Mmụta Ahụ Ike Jiri: Nsonaazụ Site na Nnyocha Cross-Sectional. Ahụike na Ọdịmma nke Ndụ. September 22, 2012.
> Nke kachasị na Ọrịa Rheumatic. Ntọala Arthritis. Thirteeth Edition. Page 243.
> Kelley's Textbook nke Rheumatology. Elsevier Saunders. Ntu Nke Ise. Mpịakọta nke Abụọ. P.1558-1560.