Ngalaba ọgwụ ọjọọ ọhụụ na-enye nchịkwa glycemic ka njọ
A na-agbanwe ọgwụgwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga n'ime afọ iri gara aga na iwebata ọgwụ ọhụrụ, klas ọgwụ, na ọgwụgwọ na-abata. Ọganihu ndị a na-enye ndị ọrịa mamịrị ọgwụgwọ dịgasị iche iche nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị nwere ike ịme ka ndị na-arịa ọrịa gọọmenti na-achịkwa ogologo oge.
A na-agba ọgwụ ndị a kwadoro site na ụlọ ọgwụ, nke nke ọ bụla na-enye usoro dị iche iche nke arụ ọrụ.
DPP-4 Ndị na-emechi ihe
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) ndị na-emechi ihe na-arụ ọrụ site na igbochi DPP-4 enzyme nke na-ebibi hormone incretin. Mkpụrụ obi na-enyere ahụ aka ịmepụta insulin mgbe ọ dị mkpa ma belata ego glucose na-emeju na imeju mgbe ọ na-adịghị mkpa. Enwere ndi mmadu ise DPP-4 ndi kwadoro na United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
- Januvia (sitagliptin)
- Galvus (vildagliptin)
- Onglyza (saxagliptin)
- Tradjenta (linagliptin)
- Nesina (alogliptin)
Mimetics Mgbochi
Dị ka aha ha si dị, ihe mimetics na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ site n'igosi ihe mgbochi iji kpalie mmepụta insulin . Ha na-emekwa ka ọnụọgụ mgbaze ghara ịdaba nke na glucose na-abanye n'ọbara nwayọọ nwayọọ.
Enwere mimetics ise dị nfe ugbu a bụ ndị FDA na - enye site na ogwu ma jiri ya na ndị na - enweghi ike ịchịkwa sugar shuga ha na ọgwụ ndị na -
- Byetta (exenatide)
- Victoza (liraglutide)
- Ogbugbu (dulaglutide)
- Tanzeum (albiglutide)
- Lyxumia (lixisenatide)
A makwaara dịka agonists na-anabata GLP-1 , a na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na ọgwụ na-edozi ahụ ma na-abanye na ntinye akwụkwọ injector. Ha abụghị insulin ma ọ bụ iji mee ihe na insulin.
Choix Sodium-Glucose Transporter-2 Ndị na-emechi ihe
Ndị na-emepụta sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SSGT-2) nwere ike belata ọbara shuga site na-eme ka akụrụ wepu glucose si n'ahụ site na mmamịrị.
Enwere ọnye ọgwụ ọgwụ atọ dị na FDA:
- Invokana (canagliflozin)
- Farxiga (dapagliflozin)
- Jardiance (empagliflozin)
Amylin Analogs
Analogs Amylin bụ nsụgharị nke ammlin hormone nke na-eji pancreas eme ihe iji belata ọbara shuga. A na-ejikwa ọgwụ analogs na-enye Amylin ọgwụ ma jiri ya na insulin mee ka akara glucose dịkwuo elu. Enwere otu nhọrọ FDA-mma ugbu a:
- Symlin (pramlintide acetate)
Sulfonylureas
Sulfonylureas bụ ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga kachasị na mbụ, ruo 1995, ọ bụ naanị maka ịchịkwa ọrịa shuga nke ụdị 2. Ọrụ Sulfonylureas site n'ịkpalite pancreas iji tọhapụ insulin n'ime ọbara.
E nwere ọtụtụ ọgbọ sulfonylureas; nke abụọ na nke atọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. N'ime ndị a kwadoro ugbu a site na FDA:
- Ọgbọ mbụ: Trackase (tolbutamide), Tolinase (tolazamide), na Diabinese (chlorpropamide)
- Ọgbọ nke abụọ: Glucotrol (glipizide), Micronase (glyburide), na Diabeta (glyburide)
- Ọgbọ nke atọ: Amaryl (glimepiride)
Biguanides
Biguanides belata ọnụ ọgụgụ glucose na-emeju na imeju ka ọ na-eme ka ahụ dịkwuo ka insulin. E nwere ụzọ abụọ FDA si kwadoro otu ọgwụ ahụ:
- Glucophage (metformin)
- XR (Glucophage XR)
Ndị na-eme ihe banyere Alpha-Glucosidase
Ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka Alpha-glucosidase kwụsịlata ntughari nke carbohydrates na glucose n'oge mgbaze. Nke a na-enye aka edozi ogo glucose ọbara ma gbochie ndị na-aṅụ shuga si elu. Enwere nhọrọ abụọ nke FDA kwadoro ugbu a:
- Mbido (acarbose)
- Glyset (miglitol)
Thiazolidinediones
Ndị dị na Thiazolidinediones na-achọpụta ahụ ike na abụba na-anabata insulin karị. Ha abụọ na-eweta ihe ize ndụ ahụike nke chọrọ ndụmọdụ ọkachamara tupu ịmalite ọgwụgwọ. FDA akwadora ọgwụ abụọ thiazolidinedione na United States:
- Akwụsị (rosiglitazone)
- Actos (pioglitazone)
Na May 2007, FDA nyere nchebe nchebe banyere ihe ize ndụ nke mgbu obi na ọrịa ndị ọzọ dị na mgbe ị na-ewere Avandia. Nchegbu ndị yiri nke a mere ka mgbochi ma ọ bụ Avandia na Actos na France na Germany.
Meglitinides
Meglitinides nwere ike inye aka na-akpali mkpali insulin ma ọ bụrụ na glucose dị n'ọbara. Ọ bụrụ na ọbara shuga dị ala, ọgwụ ahụ adịchaghị mma. Nhọrọ nhọrọ FDA gụnyere:
- Prandin (repaglinide)
- Starlix (nateglinide)
> Isi:
> Nchịkwa nri na ọgwụ ọjọọ na US. "Ọrịa Ọrịa Shuga nke FDA." Silver Spring, Maryland.