Ihe Ọ Na-eme na Otú E Si Eji Ya
Insulin bụ hormone nke nwere aka n'ọtụtụ usoro n'ime ahụ gị. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na enyere aka na metabolizing carbohydrates ma na-echekwa glucose maka ike na mkpụrụ ndụ, ọ na-enyekwa aka iji abụba, protein, na ụfọdụ mineral ị na-eri. Ebe ọ bụ na hormone a dị oke mkpa n'inyere ahụ gị aka iji ihe oriri ị na-eri, nsogbu nke insulin nwere ike inwe mmetụta zuru oke na usoro ahụ gị niile, anụ ahụ, na akụkụ ya-ma ọ bụ na-apụtaghị ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ọ bụla.
Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa shuga nke ụdị 2, chọpụta otú insulin na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike isi nyere gị aka ịghọta ihe mere ọtụtụ ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-ejikọta na ọrịa shuga, ihe mere ụdị ndụ ndụ ji baa uru, na otu ahụ gị si eme nri.
Ebe A Na-emepụta Insulin
Insulin bụ hormone nke obere protein polypeptide nke zoro ezo site na pancreas, nke na-eme dị ka endocrin na exocrine gland. Ogige endocrine bụ usoro glands nke na-ezochi homonụ iji na-achịkwa ọrụ ahụ, ebe exocrine glands na-enye aka na mgbaze.
Na pancreas na-anọdụ n'azụ afọ, nke a na-achọgharị na eriri nke duodenum (akụkụ mbụ nke eriri afọ dị nta), ma nwee ụyọkọ mkpụrụ ndụ a na-akpọ obodo nta nke Langerhans. A na-eji mkpụrụ ndụ beta emepụta agwaetiti, na-emepụta ma hapụ insulin n'ime ọbara.
Otú Insulin si arụ ọrụ
Insulin na-emetụta carbohydrate, protein, na abụba metabolism. Ahụ gị na-agbaji nri ndị a n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ shuga, mkpụrụ amino acid, na mkpụrụ ndụ lipid.
Ahụ nwekwara ike ịchekwa ma chekwaa mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a n'ime ụdị ndị dị mgbagwoju anya. Insulin na-etinye nchekwa nke nri ndị a, ebe hormone ọzọ pancreatic a na-akpọ glucagon napụtara ha site na nchekwa.
Insulin na-etinye aka n'omume kwesịrị ekwesị nke ahụ gị iji mee ka ọbara shuga gị dị n'ọbara.
N'okwu dị mfe:
- Ọ bụrụ na shuga shuga gị dị elu : Pancreas na-ahapụ insulin iji nyere aka ntinye glucose site n'ọbara iji belata ọbara shuga.
- Ọ bụrụ na okpuru ọbara gị dị ala : Pancreas na-ahapụ glucagon iji nyere akwara aka ịchekwa glucose n'ime ọbara iji welite shuga shuga.
Mmiri ọbara na-ebili mgbe ọtụtụ ihe oriri na-eri, ma ha na-arịwanye elu ngwa ngwa ma na-ejikarị mmanụ aṅụ . Usoro nchịkọta nri na-ahapụ glucose site na ihe oriri na mkpụrụ ndụ glucose na-etinye n'ime ọbara. Ọdịdị glucose na-arị elu na-egosi pancreas iji chebe insulin iji kpochapụ glucose si n'ọbara. Insulin ejikọtara ya na ndị na-anabata insulin na etiti sel ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka isi iji mepee mkpụrụ ndụ iji nweta glucose. Ndị na-anata insulin nọ n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe niile anụ ahụ, gụnyere cell muscle na abụba abụba.
Ndị na-anabata insulin nwere isi abụọ bụ isi-akụkụ mpụ na akụkụ ime. Akụkụ mpụta na-agbatị n'èzí cell ma jikọta ya na insulin. Mgbe nke a mere, akụkụ ime nke onye nkwụnye ahụ na-ezipụ mgbaàmà n'ime cell maka ndị na-ebugharị glucose iji zukọta n'elu ma nweta glucose . Ka shuga ọbara na insulin na-ebelata, ndị na-anabata ihe efu na ndị na-ebugharị glucose laghachiri na cell.
Insulin na Type 2 Ọrịa shuga
N'ọnọdụ zuru okè, glucose sitere na carbohydrates na-akwụsị ngwa ngwa. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na e nwere insulin na-eguzogide (mkpụrụ ndụ ahụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ insulin), nke a anaghị eme ma kwadoo ogo glucose dị ka nsogbu. Mmetụta insulin nwere ike ịbịara nsogbu na ụdị insulin (igbochi onye na-anabata ihe), enweghị ezigbo ndị na-anabata insulin, nsogbu ndị na-egosi, ma ọ bụ ndị na-ebugharị glucose na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nkwụsị insulin pụrụ ime mgbe mmadụ nwere oke ibu ma ọ bụ abụba. Abụba na-egbochi insulin site na-arụ ọrụ ya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkwụsị ya iji rụọ ọrụ.
Kedu ihe ọ bụla kpatara ya, ọrụ nke insulin adịghịzi mma.
Mgbochi insulin amalite tupu a chọpụta ọrịa shuga 2 . Iji mee ka insulin ghara ịdị irè, pancreas na-arụ ọrụ oge iji mụbaa mmepụta insulin. N'ikpeazụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ insulin na ọbara sugar na-adịgide adịgide maka oge. Ka nkwụsị nke insulin na-arịwanye elu na pancreas enweghị ike imeju ọchịchọ ahụ, ọkwa glucose na-amalite ịrị elu ma chọpụta ọrịa shuga mgbe ọkwa dị elu. Ogologo oge a ka na-adịgide, nke ahụ na-eme ka pancreas dịkwuo mkpa ịrụ ọrụ, ngwa ngwa ka mkpụrụ ndụ insulin ahụ na-agwụ ike ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-agbapụ ma nwụọ.
Otú O si emetụta Ọbara Metabolism
A na-ejikọta carbohydrate na abụba metabolism ma insulin na-emetụta ha abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na insulin adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nsogbu nwere ike ime. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nnukwu insulin nwere ike iziga ụda ihe ọjọọ na ụbụrụ. Ihe ịrịba ama ndị a na-agwa ụbụrụ na e nwere insulin na-arịwanye elu nakwa na mkpụrụ ndụ gị na-agwụ maka glucose. Ya mere na nzaghachi, ụbụrụ gị na-emepụta ọchịchọ maka mmanụ aṅụ, na-egosi ahụ gị iji chekwaa abụba, ma nye iwu carbohydrates ka ọkụ maka ike karịa anụ ahụ. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị mere ọnwụ nwere ike isi sie ike mgbe ị nwere ọrịa shuga nke ụdị 2.
Insulin na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'ime mmepe nke elu triglyceride:
- N'ime Imeju : Insulin na-akpali mmepụta na nchekwa nke glycogen si glucose. Ndị elu insulin na-eme ka imeju jupụta na glycogen. Mgbe nke a mere, imeju na-eguzogide nchekwa ọzọ. A na-eji glucose eme ihe kama ịmepụta abụba abụba nke na-agbanwe n'ime lipoproteins ma wepụ ya n'ime ọbara. Ndị a na-adaba n'ime abụba bara uru ma na-eji ya na ndị ọzọ. Ụfọdụ anụ ahụ na-eji nke a iji kee triglycerides .
- N'ime Selis Na-edozi : Insulin na-akwụsị nkwụsị nke abụba ma gbochie nkwụsị nke triglycerides n'ime abụba abụba. Mgbe glucose na-abanye n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a, enwere ike iji ya mepụta otu a na-akpọ glycerol. Glycerol nwere ike iji ya na abụba fatty acids na-abaghị uru na imeju iji mee triglycerides. Nke a nwere ike ime ka triglycerides na-ewuli elu na mkpụrụ ndụ abụba.
Otú O si emetụta Protein na mineral
Insulin na-enyere amino acid aka site na protein iji tinye mkpụrụ ndụ. Mgbe a na-egbochi usoro a, ọ nwere ike ime ka ọ sie ike ịmepụta ike ahụ.
Insulin na-emekwa ka sel ndị na-anabata potassium, magnesium, na phosphate. A na-akpọkwa ihe ndị a dị ka electrolytes, nke na-enyere aka na-emepụta eletrik n'ime ahụ. Ha na-emetụta ahụ ike, ọbara pH, na mmiri mmiri dị n'ahụ gị. Enweghi ike ịchọta onye na-achọpụta ihe na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu site na shuga shuga dị n'ọbara elu dịka nke a nwere ike ime ka urination buru ibu na mmiri na mberede electrolyte.
Otu esi enyere Insulin Work Better
Atụmatụ ndị a nwere ike inyere gị aka ịmịkwuo insulin ma belata nkwụsị insulin:
- Gbanwee ụdị ndụ shuga shuga na ndụ gị.
- Na-emega ahụ mgbe niile .
- Chọta atụmatụ nri nke na-arụ ọrụ maka gị.
Nwepu
Dịka ị pụrụ ịhụ, insulin na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịchịkwa metabolism. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa shuga ma ọ bụ mara onye na-eme ya, ịghọta ihe insulin na-eme nakwa otú o si arụ ọrụ nwere ike inyere gị aka ka ị na-ahụ maka ọrịa shuga gị .
> Isi mmalite
> Hess-Fischl, Amy. Ọrịa shuga: Gịnị Bụ Insulin? Endocrineweb.
> Endocrine Pancreas. Mahadum nke Berkley, California.
> Pathophysiology nke Endocrine System, Ahụhụ Physiologic nke Insulin. Colorado State University.