Ọ bụrụ na nnukwu ọbara efunahụ, a pụrụ ịmịnye ọbara
Enwere ike inwe oge mgbe ndị nwere ọrịa obi na- afụ ụfụ (IBD) ga-adị mkpa ịnata ọbara sitere n'aka onye na-enye onyinye, dịka n'oge ịwa ahụ maọbụ ma ọ bụrụ na nnukwu ọbara na-efu site na ọbara ọgbụgba n'ime akụkụ eriri afọ . E nwere ihe ize ndụ dị na ịnweta mmịnye ọbara, mana n'ozuzu ya, ọ bụ usoro nke dị mma na, dịka anyị niile maara, ọ nwere ike ịzọpụta ndụ.
Enyemaka ọbara
Otutu, ndi oru ozo di iche iche ndi enyere onwe ha n'enye ndi ozo bu ndi ekpuchiri anya ha ma "kweta" iji nye ọbara. Usoro nyocha ahụ gụnyere ajụjụ banyere ahụike zuru oke na ihe ọ bụla metụtara nsogbu maka ọrịa. A na-ewepụ ọbara naanị site na ndị nyere onyinye bụ ndị a họpụtara ka ha dị ike iji mee ya. A na-anwale ọbara a nyere iji chọpụta ụdị (A, B, AB, ma ọ bụ O) na nyocha maka ọnụnọ nke ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya (B na C), HIV , HTLV (virus T-lymphotropic mmadụ), nje virus West Nile, na Treponema pallidum (nje bacteria nke na-ebute ọnụọgụgụ).
A pụkwara ịṅụ ọbara ma chekwaa maka ọdịmma ya n'ọdịnihu , ma ọ bụ onye ikwu ya nyere ya onyinye. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-adọrọ ọbara nke mmadụ ma debe ya tupu ịwawa ahụ ebe a pụrụ ịmịnye ọbara. Nke a, n'ezie, nwere ike ime naanị na ikpe ebe a na-atụ anya mkpa. Ndị ikwu nwere ike inye onyinye maka onye ọrịa, ọ bụ ezie na a naghị ele nke a anya dịka nchekwa karịa onye ọrụ afọ ofufo.
Usoro
Mgbe onye ọrịa chọrọ ọbara, a na-ahụ ezigbo egwuregwu n'etiti ọbara nyere. A na-eme ihe na-eme ka ị hụ na usoro nkwụnye nke onye na-anata ọbara agaghị ajụ ya. Ọbara sitere na onye nyere onyinye dabara na ụdị na Rh nke onye nnata. A na-ekwenye ekwenye na okpukpu ugboro, gụnyere n'akụkụ akwa onye ọrịa ahụ, iji hụ na e nyere ụdị ọbara dị mma.
A na-emegharị mmịnye ọbara n'ụzọ ọhụụ, na a na-enyekwa otu lita (500 ml) nke ọbara ihe dị ka awa anọ. A na-enyekwa ọgwụ ndị ọzọ dịka antihistamine ma ọ bụ acetaminophen iji nyere aka igbochi mmeghachi omume nke mmịnye ahụ.
Ihe Omume Nwere Ike Ime
Febrile Mmegharị Transfusion nke Na-abụghị nke Na-adịghị. Ihe kachasị njọ na mmịnye ọbara bụ mmeghachi omume mmịnye ọbara nke na-abụghị nke ọbara ọbara. Mmeghachi omume a nwere ike ime ka mgbaàmà nke ọkụ, ụfụ, na mkpụmkpụ ume gwụ, ma nke a bụ njedebe onwe onye ma ghara iduga nchịkọta siri ike karị. Ihe omume a pụtara na ihe dịka 1% nke mmịnye ọbara.
Nnukwu mmegharị mmụgharị ọbara ọbara. Na nnukwu mmeghachi ọbara hemolytic, nje ndị sitere na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke onye ọrịa na-ebute ọbara ọbara ndị na-enye onyinye wee laa ha n'iyi. A na-ewepụta hemoglobin site na onye nyere onyinye n'oge mbibi nke cell, nke nwere ike ibute ọdịda akụrụ. A na-atụle ihe ize ndụ nke ihe omume a na 1 site na 12,000 ruo 33,000 nke ọbara ọbara weghaara.
Anaphylactic mmeghachi omume. Nke a bụ mmeghachi omume na-adighi ike na nke siri ike bụ nke onye na-anabata ya nwere ike ịzaghachi na plasma onye nyere onyinye. Nke a nwere ike ịnwe egwu ndụ ma nwee ike ime n'oge usoro mmịnye ọbara maọbụ ọtụtụ awa mgbe e mesịrị.
Ihe ize ndụ nke mmeghachi omume anaphylactic bụ ihe dịka 1 n'ime mmịnye ọbara 30,000-50,000.
Ọkpụkpụ nke metụtara transfusion-ọrịa nke na-esoteghị na ya (GVHD). Nke a na-emekarị na ndị na-enweta nnukwu nsogbu. Mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha dị iche iche site na onye nyere ọbara na-awakpo anụ ahụ lymphoid nke onye ahụ. GVHD bụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile, ma mgbagha a nwere ike egbochi ya iji ọbara ọbara. A pụrụ iwepụ ọbara ma ọ bụrụ na a ga-enye onye nnata nke nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nye GVHD.
Ọrịa.
Ọrịa Viral. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa na-ebelata n'ihi usoro nyocha ahụ nke ndị na-enye onyinye na ọbara nyere, a ka nwere ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa ndị a.
Ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ịnweta ọrịa site na mmịnye ọbara nke otu ọbara bụ ihe dịka:
- Ịba ọcha n'anya B: 1 na 250,000
- Ịba ọcha n'anya C: 1 na 1.9 nde
- HIV: 1 n'ime nde 2.1
- HTLV: 1 na nde 2
Ọrịa bacterial. Enwere ike ibute nje bacteria ma ọ bụrụ na nje bacteria nọ n'ọbara ahụ nyere. Ọbara nwere ike imetọ nje bacteria na oge ma ọ bụ mgbe nchịkọta, ma ọ bụ n'oge nchekwa. Ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa siri ike bụ ihe dịka 1 n'ime mmịnye ọbara 500,000.
Ọrịa ndị ọzọ. Ọrịa ndị ọzọ (cytomegalovirus, herpesviruses, virus Epstein-Barr), ọrịa (ọrịa Lyme, ọrịa Creutzfeldt-Jakob, brucellosis, leishmaniasis), na nje ndị ọzọ (dịka ndị na-akpata ịba na toxoplasmosis) nwere ike ibute site na mmịnye ọbara, ma ndị a dị obere.
Isi mmalite:
Pall Corporation. "Ịmịnye Ọbara: Ịmara Nhọrọ Gị." BloodTransfusion.com 2009. 17 Jul 2009.