Nchoputa nke Hypothyroidism, Ọrịa Canroid na More
Na mgbakwunye na nyocha ịgwọ ọrịa na-agwọ ọrịa gị, ọnọdụ gị na-achọ ịchọpụta ụfọdụ na usoro iji kwenye nyocha. Isiokwu na-esonụ na-atụle ọkwa dị iche iche maka nyocha.
Hypothyroidism
Iji nyere aka chọpụta ma ọ bụ ịchịkwa hypothyroidism, ndị dọkịta ga-amalite na nyocha ọbara nke na-eme ka hormone na-akpali akpali (TSH).
N'ihe opupu nke afo 2003, otutu ihe nyocha nke Amerika bu ihe di iche site na 0,5 ruo 5.5. Otú ọ dị, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists ekwuola na nso nso a na a ga-emegharịrị ihe dị ka 0.3 ruo 3.0. Na 5.5 dị ka njedebe kachasị nke ebe dị mma , a na-ewere TSH n'elu na ọkwa ahụ bụ hypothyroid. N'okpuru ntuziaka ọhụrụ, Otú ọ dị, a pụrụ ịchọta TSH n'elu 3.0 nwere hypothyroid.
Rịba ama: Ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara kwenyere na ọkwa ọkwa TSH kwesịrị ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ na ọkwa dị ala n'oge ime ime. (Lee ihe dị iche iche TSH Ranges n'oge ọ bụla n'ime afọ nke afọ ime? )
Nyocha ndị ọzọ nke ọbara nke a ga-eme iji nyere aka nyochaa hypothyroidism gụnyere:
- Ọnụ ọgụgụ T4 (Total Thyroxine) - ọnụ ala T4 n'ogologo yana elu TSH nwere ike igosi hypothyroidism.
- Free T4 (Free Thyroxine) - a obere Free T4 larịị tinyere elu TSH nwere ike na-egosi hypothyroidism.
- Ọnụ ọgụgụ T3 ( Total Triiodothyronine ) - ọnụ ala T3 n'ogologo na elu TSH nwere ike igosi hypothyroidism.
- Free T3 (Free Triiodothyronine) - a obere Free T3 larịị tinyere elu TSH nwere ike na-egosi hypothyroidism.
Ọrịa Hashimoto
Hashimoto's thyroiditis bụ ọrịa autoimmune bụ ihe kachasị emetụta hypothyroidism. Ihe e ji amata Hashimoto's thyroiditis patient ga-enwe nnukwu TSH na T3 na T4 (ma ọ bụ Free T3 na Free T4) ọkwa.
Akwa akwa nke thyroid autoantibodies - Mmegide anti-TPO akpan akpan - bụkwa àgwà nke ọrịa Hashimoto.
Ọrịa Graves na Hyperthyroidism
Ịchọpụta ọbara hyperthyroidism chọrọ nyocha zuru ezu, bụ nke dọkịta na-enyocha onye ọrịa na thyroid. A na-egosipụtakarị Hyperthyroidism site na iji TSH, T4 (ma ọ bụ Free T4 ), T3 (ma ọ bụ Free T3) na Nyocha Mgbanwe Nyocha Radio (RAI-U). Ihe nyocha a na-emepụta redio (RAI-U), bụ nke na-ahụ maka ịrịa oyi na ike ịmịnye ya na iodine, na-ejikwa ya ịchọpụta hyperthyroidism, ma nyere aka chọpụta ma ọrịa Graves na-akpata hyperthyroidism. Ọrịa diagnosing ọrịa ọrịa na-agụnyekarị ihe àmà nke elu gị Thyroid Receptor Antibodies (TRAb) / Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulins (TSI).
Nyocha zuru oke banyere otú ọrịa ọrịa na ọrịa hyperthyroidism si achọpụta na-egosipụta na isiokwu a: Ọchọpụta nke Ọrịa Ndị Nlekọta Ọkụ / Hyperthyroidism .
Goiter
Nzọụkwụ dị iche iche nwere ike itinye aka n'ịchọpụta onye na-agagharị:
- Inyocha na ileba olu gị anya
- Nyocha ọbara iji chọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na thyroid na-emepụta oge ụfọdụ nke thyroid hormone
- Nyocha anwale , iji kwado na ọrịa autoimmune nwere ike ịbụ ihe kpatara onye na-elekọta gị
- Nyocha nke ultrasound iji nyochaa ogo nke ịmụba
- Ihe omimi nke redioactive thyroid Doppler iji mepụta ihe oyiyi nke thyroid ma nye ihe omuma banyere ọdịdị nke ọgbụgba gịroid (dee: n'ihi na ị nwere ike imebi nsogbu nwa gị, ndị a anaghị eme n'oge ime ma ọ bụ na-enye nwa ara)
Nodules
A na-enyocha Nodules site na ụzọ ndị a:
- Nnwale ọbara, iji chọpụta ma nodu gị na-emepụta hormone thyroid
- Iodine Uptake (RAI-U)
- Otu ihe na-eme ka ọgwụ gị dị arọ, iji chọpụta ma nodule siri ike ma ọ bụ jupụta
- Nchọpụta dị mma ma ọ bụ mkpịsị ụkwụ nke nodu nke gị, iji nyochaa ma nodule (s) nwere ike ịnwe mgbu
Kemgbe afọ 2011, e nwere usoro ịchọrọ awara awara nke ọma , nke na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-akpata na biopsy FNA na-enweghị atụ. A na-akpọ ule a Veracyte Afirma Thyroid Analysis .
Ọrịa cancer gị
Ọrịa cancer cancer gị nwere ike ịgụnye ọtụtụ usoro na ule, tinyere nyocha ahụ, biopsy, ule ima nyocha , na nyocha ọbara. Isiokwu a na-enye nkọwa nke usoro nyocha.
N'ikpeazụ, maka onye ọ bụla ma e wezụga ndị nwere ọrịa, a na-eme RAI-U iji nyere aka chọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na nodu ahụ dị oyi, nke pụtara na ha nwere ikike dị ukwuu iji gbanwee.
Ọ bụrụ na a na-enyo enyo na ọ bụ nkwonkwo, a na-eduzi ọmarịcha anụlị ọma (FNA) . A na-ewepu mmiri na mkpụrụ ndụ site n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke nodule, ma ndị ọkachamara n'ihe banyere ọrịa ahụ na-enyocha ha ugbu a. N'etiti 60 na pasent 80 nke ule FNA na-egosi na nodule adịghị mma. Naanị ihe dịka ule 20 FNA na-ekpughe ọrịa kansa. Ihe ndị ọzọ fọdụrụnụ dị ka "enyo." Dịka, a na-ewepụta nodules na-enyo enyo na biopsy, iji chịa ma ọ bụ chọpụta ọrịa cancer.
Isi Iyi
Braverman, MD, Lewis E., na Robert D. Utiger, MD. Wụrịa na Werner na Ingbar: Akwụkwọ bụ Isi na Nlekọta. 9th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.