Usoro Ọhụrụ nke Na-eji Nyocha Ọrịa Ọrịa
Ụka na-anọchite anya ọnụọgụ dị iche iche na-adabere na fluorescent. Nyocha ugbo, ma ọ bụ nyocha anụcha dị ka a na-akpọ ya mgbe ụfọdụ, bụ usoro usoro cytogenetic dị ọhụrụ nke na-enye ohere ka cytogeneticist chọpụta mmadụ ole na ole nke otu chromosome na-abịa n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla n'ime usoro ndị a gụnyere ịmepụta karyotype . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nchịkọta anụ nwere ike ịgwa gị ugboro ole chromosomes dị 21, ma ọ pụghị ịgwa gị ihe ọ bụla banyere usoro nke chromosomes.
Otú O si arụ ọrụ
A na-emekarị nyocha anụ ọkụkụ n'otu ụdị ahụ dị ka karyotype - ọbara, amniocytes ma ọ bụ sample chorionic villi. A na-eme nnyocha ule site na iji nyocha nke fluorescent nke na-ejikọta na chromosomes ụfọdụ kpọmkwem. A na-eji nchọpụta DNA ndị a na-achọpụta na ọ bụ ụfọdụ chromosomes ka a na-akpọ ya na a na-eji fluorescent rai. Achọghị iji mkpụrụ ndụ ejiri mee ihe na nchịkwa FISH adịghị mkpa ma ọ bụ na-eme ememe (nke nwere ike were ụbọchị 7 ruo 10), n'ihi ya, nyocha nke nchịkwa dị oke karịa ngwa nke karyotype.
Dịka, a na-enweta ihe nlele ma zigara na laabu na chromosomes dịpụrụ iche na slide. A na-etinye nyocha ahụ na slide ma kwere ka ịkpụnye (ma ọ bụ chọpụta egwuregwu) maka ihe dị ka awa 12. Ebe ọ bụ na nyocha ahụ bụ nke DNA, ha ga-ejikọta DNA nke "nha" nke kpọmkwem chromosome ha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyocha nke DNA nke kpọmkwem na chromosome 21 ga-ejikọta na ọnụọgụgụ nke 21 ọ bụla dị ugbu a.
Mgbe ịchọtara (ma ọ bụ ịrapagidesi ike), a na-enyocha slide n'okpuru microscope pụrụ iche nke nwere ike ịhụ ihe oyiyi fluorescent. Site n'ịgụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akara ngosi fluorescent, cytogeneticist nwere ike ikpebi ole n'ime otu chromosome dị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye na-enweghị Sy syndrome ga-enwe akara abụọ fluorescent kwekọrọ na chromosomes abụọ ha abụọ.
Onye nwere trisomy 21 ga-enwe akara atọ fluorescent kwekọrọ na ha atọ chromosomes 21. N'ikpeazụ, cytogeneticists ga-eji nyocha maka nchịkọta 13, 18, 21, X na Y. Ndị a bụ chromosomes nke nwere ike ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee nsogbu.
Ọria Ọrịa Na-enyocha Ọrịa
Ọ bụ ezie na ọ naghị ele anya na a chịkọtara chromosomes, nchịkọta anụ nwere ike ịgwa gị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ nke otu chromosome dị. N'ọrịa Down, cytogeneticist na-eji nyocha maka chromosome nọmba 21. Ọ bụrụ na enwere akara ngosi fluorescent atọ dị n'okpuru microscope, emesịa chọpụta nrịbama Down syndrome.
Kedu ka ule ule si dị iche na Karyotype?
Nchịkọta nchịkwa na-agwa gị na ụfọdụ chromosomes dị ugbu a na ole n'ime ha nọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, otu nyocha nchịkwa nke Ụka ga-agwa gị otu nchịkọta nke 13, 18, 21, X na Y dị na ngosipụta mmiri ọmụmụ. Nchịkọta nchịkwa agaghị enye gị ihe ọmụma gbasara chromosome ọ bụla ma ọ bụ na ọ ga-enye gị ozi gbasara usoro nke chromosomes.
Uru
Ihe kachasị mkpa nke nchịcha anụ bụ na ọ nwere ike inye ihe gbasara ụfọdụ chromosomes ngwa ngwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime ụbọchị atọ ma ọ bụ anọ, ọ nwere ike ịkọ mmadụ ole na ole nke chromosome 21 nke otu onye nwere.
N'ụzọ dị iche, otu ịkọ ọdịnala nwere ike iji ruo izu abụọ.
Ọghọm
Ihe kachasị mma nke nchịkọta anụcha jiri tụnyere ịlụ di na nwunye bụ na nchịkọta anụ na-enye gị ntakịrị ihe ọmụma gbasara chromosomes niile a na-amụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, otu nyocha nke anụ ugwo ga-agwa gị ole ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 13, 18, 21, X na Y chromosomes dị (ya bụ, ma ọ dị abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ) ma ọ gaghị enye gị ozi ọ bụla gbasara nke ọ bụla chromosomes ma ọ bụ ozi ọ bụla gbasara usoro nke chromosomes.
Ihe ị ga - ajụ dọkịta gị
- Ụlọ nyocha ị na-eji eme nlele ugbo?
- Ihe mkpuchi m na-ekpuchi ụgwọ nke ugwo ugbo?
- Kedu ka ịdabere na ugwo nri maka ọrịa Down?
- Ogologo oge ole ka ọ ga - ewe iji nweta nsona nri (site na amnio ma ọ bụ CVS)?
- Ụlọ nyocha ahụ ọ na-arụkwa karyotype zuru ezu?
- Ogologo oge ole ka ọ ga-ewe iji nweta nsonaazụ nke karyotype?
Ndabere ala
Nyocha nchịkọta nwere uru nke inye ngwa ngwa, ma ọ bụ ihe ọmụma zuru oke, banyere chromosomes nwa ebu n'afọ. Ọ dị mma na ịza ajụjụ a - "Nwa m ọ nwere ihe ọhụụ 21?" Mana ọ na-enye ozi dị ntakịrị banyere ihe ndị ọzọ na-emepụta chromosome dị ka ntụgharị na nhichapụ.
Isi ihe
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Nchọpụta maka Chromosomal Fetal Abnormalities. ACOG Mee Bulletin, nọmba 77, January 2007.
Nnyocha Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọdịnihu nke Mba. Mmiri na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ dị na nchịkwa (Fisheries), 2008.