Na-emeso Oralractive ma ọ bụ na-adịghị amasị gị Thyroid Gland
Enwere otutu ọgwụ ogwu ogwu na-eji mee ihe na endocrinology , ihe di iche iche nke ahuhu nke na-emekota oria nke glands na hormones. A na-agbaji ọgwụ ndị ahụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na ọnọdụ ha na-eme ka ha na-emeso, ya bụ:
- Hypothyroidism , nke gịroid gland anaghị emepụta ezuru hormone
- Hyperthyroidism , nke thyroid gland na-arụpụta ọtụtụ horroone thyroid
Gland thyroid gland bụ ogidi na-acha uhie uhie nke dị na isi nke n'olu n'ihu windpipe. Ọrụ nke thyroid gland bụ ịmepụta hormones thyroxine (T4) na triiodothyronine (T3) nke na-achịkwa ihe niile site n'obi obi na okpomọkụ nke ahụ na-arụ ọrụ ume na arụmọrụ nke nwanyi. Ihe ọ bụla dị na mmepụta nke T3 ma ọ bụ T4 nwere ike ịkpata ihe mgbaàmà na-emetụta usoro ma ọ bụ karịa ngwa ngwa ma na-anọchi anya site na ịdị nwayọọ ruo nkwụsị.
Ọrịa kansa thyroid, nke dị iche, bụ nke 11 kachasị kpatara ọrịa cancer na US, na-emetụta ihe karịrị ndị America 55,000 ma na-akpata ọnwụ 2,000 kwa afọ, dịka otu akụkọ si American Cancer Society si kwuo.
Ọgwụ ọjọọ eji agwọ ọrịa Hypothyroidism
A na-eji ọgwụ ọgwụ eji eme ihe na-agbanwe ọgwụ na-agwọ gị na-agwọ hypothyroidism. Ha na-arụ ọrụ site na dochie hormones na mmiri thyroid gland enweghị ike ịmepụta ma ọ bụ mgbe a na-emegharị ọgwụ na-emegharị redio ma ọ bụ wepụ ya.
Hypothyroidism nwere ike ime site n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ tinyere eriri iodine, ọrịa Hashimoto (ọrịa autoimmune), ọgwụgwọ ọrịa cancer, ma ọ bụ nlezianya ma ọ bụ wepụ kpamkpam gịroid gland ( thyroidectomy ). Ọ pụkwara ịbụ nsonaazụ nke ọrịa mgbakwasị ụkwụ nke ọrịa thyroid na-adịghị arụ ọrụ dị ka ọ kwesịrị.
Ụfọdụ n'ime ọgwụ ndị e ji agwọ ọrịa hypothyroidism gụnyere:
- Cytomel (liothyronine) bụ nsụgharị nke T3
- Levothyroxine , ụdị nke T4 na-ere ahịa n'okpuru ahịa aha Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, na Tirosint
- Ihe ndị na-eme ka ị na- eme ka ọkpụkpụ gị na-ajụ gị
Ọgwụ ọjọọ eji agwọ ọrịa
A na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na-agwọ ọrịa ọgwụgwọ na-emeso hyperthyroidism. Ha na-arụ ọrụ site na igbochi thyroid gland na-amịnye ayodiin mkpa iji mee ka hormones thyroid.
Hyperthyroidism nwere ike ịkpata ọrịa Grave (ụdị ọrịa ọzọ nke autoimmune), ọrịa cancer gị na-agbanweghị , thyroid inflammation ( thyroiditis ), na ọrịa na-adịghị mma nke na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ (nke na-arụ ọrụ na nkwonkwo gịroid ). Ọzọkwa, usoro nke ọrịa Hashimoto nwekwara ike ịkpata hyperthyroidism n'otu ụzọ ahụ ọ na-akpata hypothyroidism.
E nwere ọgwụ abụọ a kwadoro maka iji agwọ ọrịa hypothyroidism na US:
- Tapazole (methimazole)
- Propylthiouracil , edozi ka ọ na-emeso nsogbu gịroid
Ọgwụ ọjọọ eji agwọ ọrịa cancer
Na mgbakwunye na ịgwọ mmerụ nke hormonal, e nwere ọgwụ ndị ọzọ a na-eji agwọ ọrịa cancer. E nwere ụdị ọrịa cancer thyroid dị iche iche dị iche iche , ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị a na-apụghị ịgwọta karịa ndị ọzọ.
Ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche ma na-ejikarị ọtụtụ ọgwụ ndị e ji mee ihe maka ọrịa cancer ndị ọzọ, gụnyere:
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride)
- Caprelsa (vandetanib)
- Cometriq (cabozantinib-S-malate)
- Lenvima (lenvatinib mesylate)
- Nexavar (sorafenib tosylate)
A na-eji ọgwụ ọzọ a maara dịka Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa) na ndị nwere ọrịa cancer gị tupu ịmalite ịdọrọ redio . A na-ejikwa ya na ndị a na-agwọ maka ọrịa kansa tupu ha abanye nyocha. Dị ka ụdị mmepụta nke hormone-stimulating hormone (TSH) , Thyrogen nwere ike hụ na zuru ezu-ahu scan na- enweghị na-eme ka hypothyroidism.
> Isi mmalite:
> American Cancer Society. "Nkọwa Dị Mkpa Maka Ọrịa Canroid Gị." Atlanta, Georgia; emelitere Jenụwarị 6, 2017.
> Ross, D .; Burch, H .; Cooper, D. et al. "2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other causes of Thyrotoxicosis." Ọ BỤ . 2016; 26 (10): 1343-421. DOI: 10.1089 / gị.2016.0229.
> McAninch, E. na Bianco, A. "Ọdịdị History na Ọdịnihu Hypothyroidism." Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (1): 50-56. DOI: 10.7326 / M15-1799.
> National Cancer Institute: National Institute of Health. "Ọgwụ Ọjọọ Kwadoro Maka Ọrịa Canroid Gị." Bethesda, Maryland; emelitere March 12, 2015.