Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eto eto na-adịgide adịgide na Ngwọta Na-adịgide Adịgide Maka Ọrịa HIV, PrEP
Otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi na-egbochi ọgwụ ọjọọ nje HIV bụ ọkwa dị elu nke ịkwadoro dị mkpa iji nweta ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ . Maka ụfọdụ, ọrụ kwa ụbọchị nke ịṅụ ọgwụ nje nwere ike ịba ụba, karịsịa mgbe ị na-esonyere nsogbu nke mmetụta uche ma ọ bụ ọrụ nke nwere ike imetụta ndụ-na ịkwado- nke ndị nwere nje HIV dị ndụ.
Ihe dị mkpa bụ okwu ndị a na, na United States taa, ihe karịrị pasent 20 nke ndị na- agwọ ọrịa antiretroviral enwere ike ịnọgide na- ebu ibu na-enweghị ike ịgwọ ọrịa, ihe maka ngwọta ọgwụgwọ.
Na nzaghachi, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị amalitela ịchọta ọgwụ ndị na-eme ogologo oge, yana usoro ntinye ọgwụ ọjọọ, nke nwere ike mechaa nye ohere maka otu ugboro kwa ọnwa-ma ọ bụ ọbụna otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ, ma ọ bụ ịgwọ ọrịa HIV ma ọ bụ igbochi ya.
Ọgwụ Ọjọọ Na-adịgide Adịgide
N'afọ 2013, a kpọpụtara mmadụ abụọ na-eme ogologo oge na-eme ka ndị na-eme ihe ike na-eme atụmatụ na ogbako nke afọ asaa nke International AIDS Society (IAS) na Kuala Lumpur. E mepụtara ọgwụ ndị ahụ na-eme nchọpụta dị ka ntanospenpenes, nke na-eme ka obere kristal nke ọgwụ ọjọọ kwụsịtụrụ na mmiri, na-enye ohere maka ịhapụ ọgwụ ahụ na ngwa ngwa n'ime usoro ahụ.
Nke mbụ, cabotegravir (nke a makwaara dị ka GSK1265744) bụ nke otu ọgwụ ndị a na-akpọ ndị na- eme ihe nchịkọta , nke na-egbochi enzyme nke a na-akpọ imekorita na HIV chọrọ ka ọtụtụ. Nke abụọ, TMC278-LA , bụ usoro mmezi oge nke ọgwụ Edurant (ripilvirine) nke a na-ejizi ọrịa HIV ugbu a.
Otutu ule nke uzo II na - egosi na cabotegravir nke a na - ebute na intramuscularly na - echere nke oma n'etiti oge iri abali abuo na iri ise na ise (dika awa iri abali na - eso otu ogwu). Nnyocha ndị yiri nke ahụ gosipụtara na ọgwụ ahụ mekwara ka a nọgide na-etinye ọgwụ ọjọọ na ọgwụ ndị na-edozi ahụ, na-atụ aro na a pụrụ inye ya dị ka ụzọ dị irè, nke na-eme ogologo oge nke prophylaxis na-ebute ụzọ (PrEP) .
Site n'iji ya tụnyere ihe ọmụmụ m na-amụ na-egosi na TMC278-LA nwere ike ịnọgide na-echekwa ọgwụ ọgwụ plasma echere site na izu 12 ruo iri abụọ. Ọgwụ ahụ gosipụtara nkwa dịka PrEP, na-atụle ihe ndị siri ike na-eme ka ọ bụrụ na e jiri ya tụnyere anụ ahụ.
A na-eme atụmatụ nchọpụta na-aga n'ihu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ịgbasa nnyocha nyocha nke usoro II na III.
Subdermal Antiretroviral Implants
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na Oak Crest Institute of Science na Pasadena, California kọrọ na-emepe ihe ọkụkụ nke nwere ike ịnweta ọgwụ nke ọgwụ antiretroviral mgbe a kụnyere ya n'okpuru anụ ahụ.
N'ikwekọ ka a na-emepụta ihe ndị na-egbochi ime ihe ike, a gosipụtara ngwaọrụ ahụ na nchọpụta mbụ iji nwee ike ịnapụta ọgwụ tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) maka ọgwụ ruo ụbọchị 40.
[N'adịghị ka tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), nke a na-ewu ewu na Viread ma dị na ọgwụ Truvada na Atripla , a na-ewere TAF dị ka ngwongwo nke nwere ike ịchọta ọgwụ ọjọọ zuru oke na obere nkwụsị karịa TDF.
Ka nnyocha na-elekwasị anya na ngwaọrụ maka PrEP, a na-atụ aro na ndị ọzọ na-eme ogologo oge na-eme ihe iji nye ọgwụgwọ antiretroviral (cART) maka ndị bi na HIV.
Ọdịnihu na-atụ anya imepe ụzọ maka mmepe nke ihe ọkụkụ nke nwere ike ịdịgide ruo otu afọ ma ọ bụ karịa.
Ngwongwo Microbicidal Intravaginal
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị agbalịsila ike inye ndị inyom dị ize ndụ ohere iji chebe onwe ha pụọ na nje HIV, karịsịa na mpaghara ebe ike mmekọahụ na-adị elu. Ọtụtụ n'ime atụmatụ ndị ahụ, ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ nke ọnụ okwu ma ọ bụ ndị na- eme ihe na-adịghị mma , adabaghị na nchọpụta n'ihi na enweghị nkwado na ọkwa dị ala nke ọgwụ bioavailability na akpụkpọ anụ , ọbụna na ndị inyom nwere nnukwu ọkwa.
Iji mee ka ndị a na-eme nchọpụta, ọtụtụ ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-achọgharị ihe ntanye nke intravaginal nke nwere ike ịhapụ ọgwụ nje antiretroviral maka otu ọnwa n'otu oge.
Ihe mgbanaka ahụ, nke elastomer scaffold scaffold impregnated with drug drug, ga-ekwe ka nwanyị na-eyi ngwaọrụ ahụ anya maka oge nke iji.
Nsonaazụ mbụ na egosiputa na a na-enwe ike ịnabata ihe mgbagwoju anya nke nwere ọgwụ napịpịlin (TMC120 ) iji jiri ọgwụ na-ekesa ọgwụ na tract genital genital maka ụbọchị 33.
Ihe omuma nke abuo nke uzo nke ato nke uzo III, ihe omumu nke ihe omumu na ASPIRE, no n'ime ugbua iji nyochaa nchekwa nke mgbanaka nakwa oru nchebe ya na-eme ogologo oge n'ime otu puku ndi nwanyi ndi nwanyi na-ebute HIV.
Isi mmalite:
Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa US (CDC). "CDC Fact Sheet | HIV na United States: The Stages of Care." Atlanta, Georgia; bipụtara July 2012.
Spreen, W; Margolis, D .; na Pottage, J .; "Mgbochi nje nje na-egbu oge maka ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nje HIV." Echiche ndị dị ugbu a banyere HIV na AIDS. November 2013; 8 (6): 565-571.
Margolis, D .; Brinson, C; Eron, J .; et al. "744 na rilpivirine dị ka usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ abụọ: LAI116482 (LATTE) izu 48." 21th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Diseases (CROI 2014); Boston, Massachusetts; March 3-6, 2014; nkịtị 91LB.
Gunawardana, M .; Remedios-Chan, M .; Miller, C .; et al. "Ndị ọkachamara na-agwọ ọrịa nke Tenofovir Alafenamide (GS-7340) Subdermal Implant for HIV Prophylaxis." Antimicrobial Agents na Chemotherarpy. April 20, 2015; Echiche: 10.1128 / AAC.00656-15.
Nel, A; Smythe, S .; Nwa, K .; et al. "Nchebe na ọgwụcokinetics nke nnyefe dapivirine sitere na matriks na mmiri na-abanye na ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-ebute nje HIV." Na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ị nweta ọrịa na-adịghị mma. 2009; 51 (4): 416-423.