Ihe mgbochi dị ukwuu nọgidere na-adịgide dị ka nghọta si emeziwanye
India bu otu n'ime mba ndi mmadu kachasi elu n'uwa bu ihe kariri otu ijeri mmadu ndi bi n'ugwu ebe ihe dika okpukpu ato nke US. Dika nyocha nke Maulana Azad Medical College di na New Delhi, ihe dika pasent 6.3 nke ndi mmadu (dika 63 nde mmadu) nwere ugwo nke nti ihe .
Ọ bụ ezie na ntị chiri na-abụ nnukwu ihe ịma aka maka obodo nke ịda ogbenye-nke nwere nde mmadụ 276 na-ebi n'okpuru ala-adabere n'ọnọdụ ịda ogbenye - ihe na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbanwe ekele maka mmụba ọha na eze na inweta ohere ịga akwụkwọ na ọzụzụ ọrụ maka ndị ogbi ike ịnụ ihe.
Ụda ogbi na India
Dịka mba dị iche iche nke nwere ọtụtụ ederede mpaghara, India agbalịsila ike ịmụta otu onye ọrụ gọọmentị, asụsụ ogbi mara ọkwa dịka nke US mere n'afọ 1960 na asụsụ American Sign Language (ASL) .
Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akpọ asụsụ Indo-Pakistani asụsụ ogbi (IPSL) dị ka ụdị kachasị dị na South Asia, e nwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche dị n'ime India (gụnyere asụsụ ogbi Delhi, asụsụ Bombay, asụsụ ogbi Calcutta, asụsụ Bangalore-Madras), nke ọ bụla ihe ha na-ekwu kpọmkwem na ibe ha.
N'otu aka ahụ, e mechibidoro TV-captioning n'agbanyeghi nnukwu ndị na-ekiri ụwa. E wezụga enweghị ego na nkà na ụzụ, ọkwa dị elu nke ndị okenye (ịgụ pasent 37.2, dị ka UNICEF) si mee ka ọ gbasaa mgbalị ịgbatị ọrụ ndị a n'ihu ọha. Ọzọkwa, nanị pasent abụọ nke ụmụaka ntị chiri na India na-aga akwụkwọ, na-eme ka ọdịbendị nke amaghị ịgụ na ohere dị ala dị ala na-aga n'ihu.
Ihe ọzọ na-eme ka ọdịbendị na-esiri ike bụ ihe mgbochi mmekọrịta mmadụ na nke okpukpe nke na-emegbu ndị ntị chiri n'ụzọ nkịtị ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi. Otu ihe atụ dị otú a bụ Iwu Manu, otu n'ime akwụkwọ ndị a na-ede akwụkwọ nke Hindu, nke na-ekwu na ndị ntị chiri agaghị ekwe ka ha nweta ihe onwunwe ma kama ịdabere na ebere ndị ọzọ.
N'ịbụ ndị ọtụtụ ndị India oge a na-ewere archaic, nkwenkwe dị otú ahụ na-anọgide na-enye ụdị ịkpa ókè nke na-enweghị isi na-emetụta adịghị ntị anụ ahụ.
Ndị na-eme mkpọtụ na India
N'agbanyeghị nnukwu nsogbu ndị a dị mkpa, a na-eme mgbalị dị mkpa iji kwalite ihe kpatara ndị ntị chiri na ndị isi ntị na India. Taa, mba ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị mkpa a raara nye ndị ntị chiri na mba, steeti, na mpaghara mpaghara. Ndị a dị iche iche na-enyere aka ịhazi ọrụ dị mkpa ma nye nkwado site na-akwado mgbasa ozi dịka Day of the Deaf every September.
N'etiti òtù ndị isi:
- Òtù Mba Nile nke Ndị Ntị (New Delhi)
- Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for Hearing Handicapped (Mumbai)
- All India Federation nke ogbi (New Delhi)
- Òtù Bihar nke Ndị Ntị (Patna)
- Ndị ogbi nwere ike ịlụ (Bhopal)
- Òtù ndị ogbi nke Delhi (New Delhi)
- Ntọala Delhi maka Ụmụ nwanyị Ntị (New Delhi)
- West Bengal Society maka ndi ogbi (Kolkata)
- Madras Association nke ogbi (Chennai)
- Tamil Nadu State Federation nke ogbi (Chennai)
- All India Council Council of the Blind (New Delhi)
Ọzụzụ na ntị na India
N'afọ ndị 1960 na afọ 70, India nwere ike ikwu na ọ bụghị ụlọ akwụkwọ 10 karịa ndị ntị chiri na mba dum.
Ọ bụ ezie na a ka na-ezughị ụzọ maka nkwado agụmakwụkwọ maka ụmụaka na ndị okenye dara ogbi, a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ eme ihe. Taa, e nwere ọtụtụ narị ụlọ akwụkwọ chiri anya na mba niile nke kachasi elu na-ahụ na Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, na Delhi.
N'etiti ụfọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mmụta ndị a ma ama (site na steeti):
- Society maka Education nke ndị ogbi na ndị ìsì (Andras Pradesh)
- Ụlọ Ọrụ Nlekọta Maka Ịnụ Ntị na Okwu Nkwarụ (Haryana)
- Central Society maka Education nke ogbi (Maharashtra)
- Education Audiology and Research Society (Maharashtra)
- Akwukwo ndi di nma maka ndi na-ege nti (Maharashtra)
- Shri Swami Samarth Special Teacher Training Institute (Maharashtra)
- Badhit Bal Vikas Kendra (Rajasthan)
- Ndi enyemaka ndi ogbi nke Calicut (Kerala)
- Helen Keller Institute for deaf and Deafblind (Maharashtra)
- Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụdị Ọrụ Maka Deaf Delhi)
- Ntị ogbi na Dumb Industrial Institute of Latur (Maharashtra)
- Kọmitii nke Rehabilitation nke India (Delhi)
> Isi mmalite:
> Garg, S .; Chandra, S .; Malhotra, S. et al. "Nrọ: ibu arọ, igbochi, na ịchịkwa n'India." Natl Med J India. 2009; 22 (2): 79-81. PMID: 19852345.
> Ngalaba Ụmụaka nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu (UNICEF). "India Statistics." Geneva, Switzerland; emelitere December 27, 2013.