Nitrates abụwo isi ihe na-agwọ ọrịa angina ruo ihe karịrị 100 afọ. Taa, a na-eji nitrates na-emeso nnukwu ngosipụta nke angina (n'ụdị ntụgharị nitroglycerin ma ọ bụ nitroglycerin), na oge oge (na mkpụrụ ọgwụ ma ọ bụ dị ka akpụkpọ anụ) iji nyere aka gbochie angina.
Kedu ka esi arụ ọrụ?
Nitrates na-arụ ọrụ site na-agbaze akwara na veins, ma n'ime obi na n'ebe ndị ọzọ na ahụ.
Nnukwu ntụpọ nke arịa ọbara na-ebelata nchekasị na obi ike, ma si otú ahụ belata ego oxygen chọrọ. Ịbelata ihe ikuku oxygen na-eme ka obi nwee ike ịrụkwu ọrụ n'ebughị ụzọ chọpụta ihe ọkpụkpụ , ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọbara na-agbanye site na akwara ọbara na-egbochi site na atherosclerosis .
Nitrates na-akpatakwa akwara akwara. Ebe ọ bụ na arụrụala akwara na-adịrịrịrịrị mgbe ọ bụla mgbe ihe atherosclerotic na-egbochi ọbara na-asọpụta, mmetụta a na-agbazi kpọmkwem bụ nke na-ejighị ya mee ihe na ndị nwere ọrịa nkwonkwo akwara ọbara . Otú ọ dị, n'ime ndị mmadụ na- ebipụta Prinzin nke angina - nke kachasị na-akpata ọrịa akwara ọbara - nitrates na-enyekarị aka.
Kedu ka esi eji Nitrates eme ihe?
Sublingal (SL) nitroglycerin (nitroglycerin nke a na-etinye ngwa ngwa n'okpuru ire) bụ ụdị mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ nitrate. SL nitroglycerin bụ ụzọ kachasị mfe iji kwado ihe omume angina nke mmega ahụ ma ọ bụ nrụgide, na-enyekwa enyemaka n'ime nkeji.
Nakwa, na-ewere SL nitroglycerin tupu ịme ihe omume ndị nwere ike ịkpata mgbaàmà (dịka ịrịgo ugwu ma ọ bụ na-eje ije na oyi) nwere ike inyere aka gbochie njedebe nke angina. SL nitroglycerin na-amalite ịmalite arịa ọbara n'ime nkeji abụọ, mmetụta ya nwere ike ịdịru ruo minit 30.
Nessroglyerin spray, na-etinye n'ime ọnụ site na metered dose dose, na-arụ ọrụ yiri nke ahụ SL nitroglycerin - na ọ bụ ụzọ ọzọ nke na-enye ọgwụ ngwa ngwa nke nitroglycerin.
Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla a na-emeso maka angina, ọ ga-ebu onye na-eme ihe ngwa ngwa (SL ma ọ bụ sublingual).
A na-ewere ọgwụ nitrates (ọgwụ) ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ anụ) dịka usoro nhazi nke abụọ maka angina. A na-enye ha iwu ma ọ bụrụ na ndị beta blockers (ọgwụ mbụ) agaghị anabata, ma ọ bụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ n'iwepụ ihe mgbaàmà.
Ngwurugwu nituru nke kachasi na-emekarị bụ isitorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate). Site na ọnụ ọnụ ọnụ mmiri, mmetụta nke arịa ọbara na-amalite n'ime ihe dịka minit 30, ọ ga-adịgide ruo awa isii.
Ihe a na-emegharị na nitroglycerin transdermal, nke na-anapụta nitroglycerin site na akpụkpọ ahụ, nye ọgwụgwọ nitrate dị mma maka awa asatọ ruo awa 14.
Nitrate ndidi
Nsogbu kasịnụ na iji ụbụrụ na-eme ogologo oge abụwo ihe ngosi nke "ndidi." Inye obi na-egosi na uru nke ọgwụgwọ nitrate nwere ike belata mgbe a na-eji nitrates n'oge elekere. Naanị ikwu okwu, mgbe a na-ekpuchi ọbara mgbe nile, ha na-akwụsị ịdọrọ mmiri na nzaghachi, na ọgwụ ọjọọ nke ọgwụ ahụ adịkwaghị.
Enwere ike igbochi nkwụsị nke ọma site na ịhazi usoro ọgwụgwọ nitrate na-adịghị ala ala iji nye oge etiti na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ nitrate kwa ụbọchị.
Ya mere, a ga - eji nitrates ma ọ bụ nitrate akpụkpọ ahụ maka awa 12 ruo 16 kwa ụbọchị, nke nwere oge elekere asatọ ruo 12 "free nitrate". Nye ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa a pụtara na a na-eji nitrates eme ihe n'oge ụra, ọ bụghị n'oge ụra. N'aka ụfọdụ ndị nwere ọrịa anglị, ọ dị mkpa ka a ga-ahazi oge a na-akpọ nitrate n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla.
Nlekọta Ndị Ọzọ Na Nitrates
E kwesịghị iji nitrates mee ihe na ndị nwere ọrịa hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (bụ ndị nitrates nwere ike ime ka ọ ghara ime ka ọbara ghara ịba n'ime obi), ma ọ bụ ndị ọrịa na-eburu Viagra (sildenafil) ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ yiri nke a maka arụ ọrụ erectile.
( Iwepụta nitrates na Viagra ọnụ nwere ike imepụta hypotension siri ike - ọbara mgbali elu.)
Ndị Asians na-achọkarị ịzaghachi ụgwọ ọrụ na nitrates, ọ ga-abụkwa na ha ga-enweta uru site n'aka ha.
Mmetụta kachasị mma nke nitrates bụ isi ọwụwa ma na-agbagharị, ọ bụ ezie na ìhè si na hypotension nwekwara ike ime. Ndị ọrịa nwere akụkọ ọdịnala nke isi ọwụwa migraine anaghị anabatakarị nitrates.
Isi mmalite:
SD nke SD, Gardin JM, Abrams J, et al. 2012 ACCF / AHA / ACP / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS maka nduzi na nlekọta nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi na-edozi ahụ ike: Nchịkọta akụkọ: akụkọ nke American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association na-arụ ọrụ nduzi, na American College of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Nursing Preventive Card Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Card and Interventions, na Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Egwu 2012; 126: 3097.